| Culture | a set of beliefs, traditions, and practices; the sum total of social categories and concepts we embrace in addition to beliefs, behaviors (except instinctual ones), and practices; that which is not the natural environment around us. |
| Ethnocentrism | the belief that one's own culture or group is superior to others and the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own. |
| Nonmaterial culture | values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms. |
| Material culture | everything that is a part of our constructed, physical environment, including technology. |
| Ideology | a system of concepts and relationships, an understanding of cause and effect. |
| Cultural relativism | taking into account the differences across cultures without passing judgment or assigning value. |
| Cultural scripts | modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal or natural. |
| Subculture | the distinct cultural values and behavioral patterns of a particular group in society; a group united by sets of concepts, values, symbols, and shared meaning specific to the members of that group distinctive enough to distinguish it from others within the same culture or society. |
| Values | moral beliefs. |
| Norms | how values tell us to behave. |
| Socialization | the process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society. |
| Reflection theory | the idea that culture is a projection of social structures and relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which the film of the underlying reality or social structures of our society is projected. |
| Media | any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate information. |
| Hegemony | a condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary "consent" of the masses. |
| Consumerism | the steady acquisition of material possessions, often with the belief that happiness and fulfillment can thus be achieved. |
| Culture jamming | the act of turning media against themselves. |
What is the term for the belief that one's own group values and behaviors are better than all others?
Ethnocentrism, as sociologist William Graham Sumner (1906) described the term, involves a belief or attitude that one's own culture is better than all others.
What are values and norms in culture?
Cultural norms and values are society's expectations that are reflected in the attitudes and behaviors in a group of people. A norm refers to the attitudes and behaviors that are considered typical or average for a social group while beliefs are often referred to as values. Norms support values.
What is norms in culture?
Social and cultural norms are rules or expectations of behavior and thoughts based on shared beliefs within a specific cultural or social group. While often unspoken, norms offer social standards for appropriate and inappropriate behavior that govern what is (and is not) acceptable in interactions among people.
What are the 4 cultural norms?
There are four types of social norms that can help inform people about behavior that is considered acceptable: folkways, mores, taboos, and law. Further, social norms can vary across time, cultures, places, and even sub-group.