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Recommended textbook solutions
The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric
2nd EditionLawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses
661 solutions
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3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson
468 solutions
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468 solutions
1
a basic advertising principal in the corporate media system whenever advertising is present that says, when many people view a media product, the media company can charge advertisers more money; but when fewer people are viewing, advertisers pay less money. The more eyeballs available to sell to advertisers, the more money they make
7
a term that's part of an argument against the corporate media system; opponents of the corporate
media system argue that because media content is dictated by what makes money, ideas that are unpopular are kept from getting a voice; they are censored by the market
4
a law that transformed the Federal Radio Commission into the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and that, from the start, created legislation that favored the corporate media system
3
a system where the media are controlled primarily through businesses, as opposed to being controlled by the government or
by individuals; in the United States, our media are almost exclusively a corporate media system
10
a set of laws related to the media passed under the Clinton administration; most notably, the act lifted restrictions on media ownership, paving the way for heavy concentration of media ownership
5
a law that established the Federal Radio Commission, which was designed to make sure radio broadcasters were operating in conjunction with the PICON standard
6
news coverage
in which a reporter actively speaks with sources and does research to investigate the truth behind a story
9
the standard established by the Federal Radio Act of 1927 that stated the media must always act in the "public interest, convenience, or necessity"
2
a system where a few corporations control most of the media
8
the lifting of rules and restrictions on the media, particularly those that dictate how many media outlets one company is allowed to own; in the
United States, the media was heavily deregulated by President Ronald Reagan in the 1980's and President Bill Clinton in the 1990's
1
reflecting the "truth" and not containing errors or myths
2
news that's happening as it unfolds; for example, on September 11, 2001, millions of people worldwide tuned in to see breaking news of the shocking events as they occurred, including the collapse of the Twin Towers
6
a national media organization
that operates radio stations all over the United States; NPR is unique because unlike most corporate-owned media in the United States, it is funded by a combination of government funding, corporate sponsorship, and individual donations; NPR stations either run news programming, music programming, or a combination of both
3
"sources" are people, organizations, and written material to which news organizations go to gather information and verify accuracy; credible sources are those that
can be trusted to share information that is accurate
5
the profession of individuals and organizations who report on news and current events
4
an occurrence of any kind — from a murder or terrorist attack, to a celebrity wedding or event at a local elementary school — that's going on right now or happened very recently
6
the most common journalism writing style in the United States, which reports factual information in a manner that
is well organized, emotionally detached, fair, thorough, unbiased, and nonpartisan
1
personal opinion or experience that gets in the way of being able to report a story in a fair or objective way
4
not directly reflective of any political philosophy or party
2
the formula used in objective news articles; in the inverted pyramid formula, the basic facts go at the beginning of the article — the "who, what, when, where, why, and how"; as the article progresses, the
information that follows becomes less and less important for understanding the basics of the article's information
5
fair and free of bias
3
the first paragraph in a news article
1
personal opinion or experience that gets in the way of being able to report a story in a fair or objective way
5
bias that reflects the needs and goals of an organization; in the case of news, this refers to the goals of news organizations and
corporations, and often refers to the goal of making a profit
3
the cultural value that (1) promotes the idea that spending money is good for the economy and good for the well being of individuals (2) promotes the idea that spending money is a fun and pleasurable leisurely pastime, and that (3) solves life's problems by purchasing the right product
4
a political position that typically advocates (1) greater government funding of social programs — especially those that help
economically disadvantaged people — largely through taxes, which are collected based on how much money an individual or corporation earns (so that ideally, the wealthy pay more in taxes than the middle class and the poor), and (2) active support of social and legal equality for women, racial minorities, religious minorities, sexual minorities, and other groups who have suffered discrimination
2
a political position that typically advocates (1) an emphasis on individual responsibility
for one's own well-being, and therefore, reduced government funding of most social programs, and (2) legislation that supports "traditional values" and morals, including the opposition of abortion and gay marriage
6
bias that results from an individual's personal beliefs or experiences
7
bias that reflects a particular set of political beliefs and perspectives
6
a system where people primarily make money through the mass production
and sale of goods
5
(DVR) a device that can be used to record television onto a hard drive so that users can retrieve the programs at their convenience. DVRs allow people to fast-forward through commercials easily; a popular brand of DVR is TiVo
2
a system where people primarily make money through farming and related agricultural endeavors
7
when a company or advertising agency pays to have its product displayed within a movie, television show, or publication. For
example, the characters in a movie might be sitting on either side of a can of Coke.
10
in a city or town with a relatively large and concentrated population
4
the cultural value that (1) promotes the idea that spending money is good for the economy and good for the well-being of individuals, (2) promotes the idea that spending money is a fun and pleasurable leisurely pastime, and (3) believes that problems in one's life can be solved through purchasing the right product
9
a company that pays to be the sole advertiser during a TV show; in the early days of TV, programs usually were sponsored by a single advertiser
3
a method used in a factory that involves a number of workers doing very specific tasks that add up to the manufacture of complex products; for example, on an auto assembly line, dozens of workers are assigned very specific tasks in which they build one of the many parts needed to create a car, and other workers are given the very
specific task of putting some of these parts together
8
out in the country in a relatively unpopulated area
1
paid messages that appear just about everywhere — on television, radio, the Internet, billboards, schools, bathroom stalls, buses, and so forth — that attempt to persuade consumers to purchase a product or service
2
the art of getting favorable information about a client — which might be a product, person, or organization —
out to the public
3
organizations that are hired by clients to get information about them out to the public
5
a group of people who share the same characteristics of the population
1
the feelings and perceptions that everyday people generally have about a particular product, person, or organization
4
information about a product, person, or organization that is spread through the media in order to get the public's attention
7
a group of people who share
certain characteristics that might include gender, race, age, geographic location, income level, religion, sexual orientation, and other characteristics
6
a list of questions that people are asked, usually in multiple-choice form
7
in the television business, this means decreasing the chances that television shows — which are very expensive to produce — will lose money
4
a television show that's very similar to one that's already been a
success
8
showing a long run of episodes (such as an America's Next Top Model marathon)
3
placing a number of programs on the air, one after another, that have related themes and the same target audience
5
in television, a category of programming that is defined by certain types of characters, plots, aesthetics, and other common elements
1
in television, all the elements that have to do with how a TV show looks and sounds, like lighting, set design,
musical soundtracks, and laugh tracks
6
placing a new or struggling program between two that are already popular
2
consumers ages eighteen to thirty-four; this group is most desired by advertisers (see the public relations lesson)
2
a term that refers to the dangerous tensions between the United States (and its allies) and the Soviet Union (and the countries it controlled in Eastern Europe, known as Soviet bloc countries). The Cold
War was especially dangerous because of the nuclear arms race, and both the United States, and the Soviet Union quickly amassed enough nuclear weapons to destroy the world several times over. The Cold War began after World War II and unofficially ended in the early 1990s, when the Soviet Union collapsed.
5
a movement started by Senator Joseph McCarthy in the early 1950s that served as a "witch hunt" to identify communists in government, Hollywood, and other parts of American life
4
a
term born in the 1950s to describe kids who broke the law, usually in petty ways like vandalism
3
an economic system in which wealth is redistributed equally among the people, and everyone shares what they have collectively. The Soviet Union and the Soviet bloc countries were communist counties until the early 1990s (although the economic systems in these countries weren't purely communist because they were controlled by centralized, totalitarian governments). Most Americans hated and
feared communism in the 1950s.
1
the huge population increase that resulted from babies born to people returning from World War II and starting families. The Baby Boom started in 1946 and lasted roughly until the mid 1960s. These children are known as the Baby Boom generation or Baby Boomers. Today, the oldest Boomers have reached retirement age.
3
a television show that's very similar to one that's already been a success
5
placing a new
or struggling program between two that are already popular
4
in television, a category of programming that is defined by certain types of characters, plots, aesthetics, and other common elements
1
in television, all the elements that have to do with how a TV show looks and sounds, like lighting, set design, musical soundtracks, and laugh tracks
2
placing a number of programs on the air, one after another, that have related themes and the same target audience
6
in
the television business, this means decreasing the chances that television shows — which are very expensive to product — will lose money
Each type of genre consists of the following characteristics: _____, _____, and _____.
characters, plot, aesthetics
plot, aesthetics, setting
characters, plot, setting
characters, aesthetics, setting