"No industry will ever be given up, except in order to take up a better one; and if, under free trade, any of our industries should perish, it would only be because the removal of restrictions enabled some other industry to offer so much better rewards, that labor and capital would seek the latter. It is plain that, if a man does not know of any better way to earn his living than the one which he is in, he must
remain in that, or move to some other place."
-Source: William Graham Sumner, "Protectionism," 1885
Which of the following developments from the late nineteenth century emerged from ideas most similar to those expressed in the excerpt?
"It is little more than four years ago since I was last in this then almost unknown, but now world-famous, oil region. In the comparatively brief interval that has elapsed everything but the geographic conformation of
the country, everything but its mountains and rivers, has been changed. . . .
"Take one instance. Corry, four years ago, was a poor farm where the thinly-scratched soil of cold clay land yielded so little that the whole place, buildings and all, might easily have been purchased at 8 or 10 dols. an acre. . . . I was at Corry the other night. It is a fine rough city of about 10,000 inhabitants. The Atlantic and Great Western Railway, which has opened it up, has its great depot there, and has
made it the central exchange of petroleum. It has nearly twenty banks, two newspapers, and the city is now building a large opera-house. The quotations made on the oil exchange at Corry, whether of oil, gold, or breadstuffs, influence Wall-street, and have infinitely greater weight on the trade of the country than anything done throughout all of Pennsylvania.
-Source: "The Oil Regions of Pennsylvania," The Money Market Review: A Weekly Commercial and Financial Journal, Volumes 10-11, 1865
Which of the following most directly contributed to the developments described in the excerpt?
"The foreign-born residents of Chicago and of other large cities of the country tend to segregate themselves in separate national groups where, in churches and schools, and in social, fraternal, and national organizations, the speech, the ideals, and to some extent the manner of life of the mother country are zealously preserved and guarded. . . . These children are
held in a sense to a double standard; they are inevitably drawn to the American manners and customs which they meet in the school, on the street, and in the factory, while in their own homes the old European standards of life are maintained."
-Source: Edith Abbott and Sophonisba Preston Breckinridge, "Chapter 3: The Child of the Immigrant," The Delinquent Child and the Home, 1917
The excerpt provided is best understood in the context of which of the following?
"Five years ago we had no colored women's clubs outside of those formed for special work; today with little over a month's notice, we are able to call representatives from more than twenty clubs.
". . . we need to talk over those things that are of special interest to us as colored women, the training of our children, openings for our boys and girls . . . how to make the most of our own, to some extent, limited opportunities. These are some of our own peculiar questions to be
discussed. Besides these are the general questions of the day, which we cannot afford to be indifferent to: temperance, morality, the higher education, hygienic and domestic questions."
-Source: Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, keynote for the Women's Era Club Conference, 1895
The excerpt most strongly suggests that in 1895 which of the following was correct?
Sets with similar terms