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- Social Science
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- Comparative Politics
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Terms in this set (30)
Political violence is defined as:
Violence outside of state control that is politically motivated
Which of the following could be categorized as an individual explanation for political violence?
Humiliation
The
logic (two approaches)
Psychological: individual experiences drive people to violence
Rational: violence as strategy to achieve goals
Revolution is most accurately defined as:
Public seizure of a state in order to overturn the existing government and regime
In which of the following ways does a coup d'état differ from a revolution?
The role of the public
(Coup d'etat = elites remove a regime government and replace it with a new one)
It has been argued that the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the 2011 Egyptian Revolution are examples of which model of revolution?
Relative Deprivation Model
(fast paced economic growth can trigger unmet expectations and thus a revolution)
War crimes and human rights abuses can be defined as:
the use of violence by states against civilians in order to achieve a political goal
differ:
War crimes are crimes against humanity committed internationally (a state actor against people outside of his own country) → Hitler against Jews outside of Germany
Human rights abuses are crimes against humanity committed domestically (a state actor against his own people) → Assad against Syrians
Terrorism can be defined as:
used of violence by non-state actors against civilians in order to achieve a political goal
Guerrilla war can be defined as:
used of violence by non-state actors against states in order to achieve a political goal (largely abide by rules of war)
Studies of the relationship between economic conditions and terrorism find that:
Weak economies and low levels of education leads to terrorism
Nihilism is in large part a belief that all institutions and values:
Are essentially meaningless
In terms of achieving their stated long-term outcomes, terrorists:
are usually unsuccessful
The people of Country X experienced over the course of the last decade a slight expansion of their rights and economic conditions—women's suffrage was expanded, more political parties were allowed to form, and per capita income increased slightly. A large middle class began to desire a continuation of this trend toward full democracy, yet the illiberal regime in power refused to enact additional reforms at the pace the people desired. Opposition groups formed and a popular, violent revolution began against the state. What category of explanation would this overall process best fit into?
Institutional
Which of the following best represents the relationship between fundamentalism and political violence?
People who execute political violence use fundamentalism to justify their actions
Extreme forms of fundamentalism may use violence, but it is a mistake to associate fundamentalism directly with violence.
Fundamentalists tend to target civilians instead of state institutions when using violence.
Which of the following statements about the relationships between regime type, terrorism and revolution is accurate?
Terrorism and revolutions are strongest in illiberal or transitional regimes
The borders of most current African states were drawn by colonial powers according to:
Latitude and longitude rather than population concentrations
(done by European colonial powers)
A system wherein a state extends its power in order to directly control territory, resources, and people beyond its borders is known as:
Imperialism
Which of the following statements about the Washington Consensus is accurate?
Washington Consensus advocated a reduction of states' control over the market.
The Washington Consensus helped pave the way for the creation of institutions like the IMF and World Bank.
Some observers of less-developed countries use the term ________ to describe the unequal economic relationship between those countries and advanced democracies in the modern postcolonial era.
Neocolonialism
Tariff and nontariff barriers are key tools most important to which economic strategy?
Import substitution
Policies supported by the IMF and World Bank to increase economic liberalization in less-developed countries are often referred to as the:
Washington Consensus
Policies that require countries to privatize state-run firms, end subsidies, reduce tariff barriers, shrink the size of the state, and welcome foreign investment are sometimes known as:
Structural adjustment programs
Many countries in Asia discarded import substitution and opted for a form of economic development after World War II known as:
Export oriented industrialization
In comparing the development of postcolonial countries, which of the following pairs of factors have shown strong correlation with each other?
Abundant natural resources and weak economic development
Which of the following might be a Washington Consensus policy recommendation to a less developed country that would be opposed by a supporter of import substitution policy?
reducing state power
One important impact of globalization on the study of politics is that:
the lines between domestic and international politics are blurred
Greenpeace is a good example of
a non governmental organization (NGO)
organization that can challenge the power of domestic institutions
Critics of globalization speak of the problem of a "democratic deficit," meaning:
the movement of power toward international organizations may reduce public representation and control.
The liberalizing view of globalization suggests that it will be a:
method for future prosperity
Inequality under imperialism was exacerbated by:
Imperial obsessions with fore fronting racial differences
Import substitution is most closely related to which of the following political-economic systems?
mercantilism
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