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Terms in this set (33)
________ is a person's judgment about whether he or she can successfully learn new knowledge and skills.
Self-esteem
Self-efficacy
Self-actualization
Self-concept
self-efficacy
According to the ________, transfer will be maximized when the tasks, materials, equipment, and other characteristics of the learning environment are similar to those encountered in the work environment.
theory of identical elements
cognitive theory of transfer
stimulus generalization approach
theory of closed skills
theory of identical elements
________ refers to practicing a task continuously without breaks.
Whole practice
Massed
practice
Continuous learning
Overlearning
massed practice
________ use concrete experience and reflective observation and are good at generating ideas and seeing a situation from multiple perspectives.
Divergers
Convergers
Accommodators
Assimilators
Divergers
"Design and code a computer program that meets customer requirements" is an example of which of the following learning outcomes?
cognitive strategies
attitudes
motor skills
intellectual skills
Intellectual skills
Which of the following is an example of the internal conditions necessary for learning?
recall of training content
strong messages provided to trainees from credible sources
verbal persuasion
providing trainees
opportunities to practice new skills
recall of training content
Good decisiveness, practical application of ideas, and hypothetical deductive reasoning are characteristics of individuals with a(n) ________ learning style.
diverger
accommodator
assimilator
converger
converger
________ refers to the learner's involvement with the training material and assessing their progress toward learning.
Elaboration
Generalization
Self-regulation
Automatization
self-regulation
Which of the following statements is true of closed skills?
They are more difficult to train than open skills.
They refer to skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on the job.
They require the trainee to adapt general principles.
They refer to training objectives that are specific.
They refer to skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on the job.
Which of the following creates a learning orientation in trainees?
ensuring trainees completely avoid errors and mistakes
emphasizing trained task performance
emphasizing competition among trainees
allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills
allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills
Which of the following strategies is not appropriate for supporting the transfer of closed skills?
rewarding compliance
shaping favorable attitudes toward compliance
encouraging on-the-job experimentation
providing high-fidelity practice
encouraging on-the-job experimentation
In the learning process, semantic encoding typically involves ________.
informing learners of the lesson objective
providing learners cues that are used in recall
providing feedback about performance correctness
providing learning guidance to individuals, such as the use of diagrams and models to show relationships among concepts
providing learning guidance to individuals, such as the use of diagrams and models to show relationships among concepts
Logical verification to increase self-efficacy typically involves ________.
perceiving a relationship between a new task and a task already mastered
trying out the observed behaviors to see if they result in the same reinforcement that a model received
determining the degree of support for using newly acquired capabilities
motivating trainees by having employees who have mastered the learning outcomes demonstrate them
perceiving a relationship between a new task and a task already mastered
In the context of expectancy theory, ________ relates to trainees' beliefs that they can perform the trained skill.
instrumentality
expectancy
valence
self-efficacy
expectancy
Intellectual skill as a learning outcome primarily includes the capability to ________.
state or describe previously stored information
execute a physical action with precision and timing
apply generalizable concepts and rules to solve complex problems
choose a personal course of action
apply generalizable concepts and rules to solve complex problems
Which of the following statements is true?
Most of what is learned during training is successfully transferred to the workplace.
For training to be effective, both learning and transfer are needed.
Transfer of training is to be considered only after the completion of training.
In general, mistakes should be avoided in a training context.
For training to be effective, both learning and transfer are needed.
Learner-learner interaction is most appropriate when learners have to ________.
maximize their critical thinking and analysis skills
master a task that is completed alone
acquire personal knowledge based on experience
enhance their self-awareness and self-assessment
acquire personal knowledge based on experience
_______ refers to individual control over one's thinking.
Metacognition
Modeling
Valence
Instrumentality
Metacognition
Which of the following examples best reflects an attitude as a learning outcome?
create a pivot table in Excel
successfully provide employee feedback
value work-life balance
articulate three reasons why diversity is important
value work-life balance
Which of the following strategies is least appropriate for supporting the transfer of open skills?
allowing trainees to make mistakes without fear of punishment
teaching general principles
providing rewards for experimentation
providing detailed checklists for trainees to follow
providing detailed checklists for trainees to follow
Which of the following is a disadvantage of communities of practice (COPs)?
They require that employees meet face to face.
They are not naturally occurring in companies.
Social interaction is discouraged.
Participation is often voluntary, so some employees may not share their knowledge unless the organizational culture supports participation.
Participation is often voluntary, so some employees may not share their knowledge unless the organizational culture supports participation.
________ relates to the learner's decision regarding what information to attend to, how to remember, and how to solve problems.
Motor skill
Attitude
Verbal information
Cognitive strategy
Cognitive strategy
Which of the following statements is true of organizing as a learning strategy?
It focuses on learning through repetition of training content.
It focuses on memorization of training content.
It requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material.
It requires the trainee to relate the training material to other, more familiar knowledge, skills, or behaviors.
It requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material.
"Not micromanaging trainees working in groups after the group demonstrates it can remain on task" is an example of ________, in the context of reinforcement theory.
extinction
negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement
punishment
negative reinforcement
Juan, an operations manager, has been assigned to train a group of older employees in the logistics department. He has to train them to use new computer software. He begins by reminding them that they were quick in learning the old software. Juan is trying to ________.
create motor reproduction
increase the employees' self-efficacy
deter expectancies of the employees
raise the valence of the behavior
increase the employees' self-efficacy
________ is a learning process that involves identifying learned material in long-term memory and using it to influence performance.
Generalizing
Gratifying
Retrieval
Semantic encoding
Retrieval
Which of the following statements is true of organizing as a learning strategy?
It focuses on learning through repetition of training content.
It focuses on memorization of training content.
It requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material.
It requires the trainee to relate the training material to other, more familiar knowledge, skills, or behaviors.
It requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material.
Behavior modeling is a training method that is primarily based on ________.
reinforcement theory
expectancy theory
social learning theory
goal setting theory
social learning theory
Behavior modification is a training method that is primarily based on ________.
goal setting theory
information processing theory
reinforcement theory
expectancy theory
reinforcement theory
The learning cycle for a trainee begins with a(n) ________.
concrete experience
abstract conceptualization
active experimentation
reflective observation
concrete experience
Which of the following statements is true?
Most of what is learned during training is successfully transferred to the workplace.
For training to be effective, both learning and transfer are needed.
Transfer of training is to be considered only after the completion of training.
In general, mistakes should be avoided in a training context.
For training to be effective, both learning and transfer are needed.
In the context of expectancy theory, the belief that performing a given action is associated with a particular outcome is called ________.
valence
generalizing
maintenance
instrumentality
instrumentality
"Not allowing trainees to take an extra break because they were disruptive" is an example of ________, in the context of reinforcement theory.
punishment
positive
reinforcement
extinction
negative reinforcement
extinction
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Verified questions
ENGINEERING
A thermoelectric refrigerator removes heat from a refrigerated space at $-5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ at a rate of 130 W and rejects it to an environment at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}.$ Determine the maximum coefficient of performance this thermoelectric refrigerator can have and the minimum required power input.
Verified answer
ENGINEERING
Consider steady one-dimensional heat conduction in a plane wall, long cylinder, and sphere with constant thermal conductivity and no heat generation. Will the temperature in any of these mediums vary linearly? Explain.
Verified answer
ENGINEERING
Consider a sphere and a cylinder of equal volume made of copper. Both the sphere and the cylinder are initially at the same temperature and are exposed to convection in the same environment. Which do you think will cool faster, the cylinder or the sphere? Why?
Verified answer
ENGINEERING
Given the data $$ \begin{array}{ccccccccccc}{x} & {5} & {10} & {15} & {20} & {25} & {30} & {35} & {40} & {45} & {50} \\ {y} & {17} & {24} & {31} & {33} & {37} & {37} & {40} & {40} & {42} & {41}\end{array} $$ use least-squares regression to fit (a) a straight line, (b) a power equation, (c) a saturation-growth-rate equation, and (d) a parabola. For (b) and (c), employ transformations to linearize the data. Plot the data along with all the curves. Is any one of the curves superior? If so, justify.
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