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Terms in this set (18)Why did Austria-Hungary and Germany go to war against Serbia? Think about and include elements of the following in your answer: nationalism; international rivalries; militarism. Slavic, and particularly Serbian, nationalism had been a threat to Austria-Hungary for many years. Because Austria-Hungary and Germany were allies, a threat to one was also a threat to the other. The German rivalry with Russia meant that it did not want Russia's ally—Serbia—to be strong. German militarism meant that Germany was prepared and even eager for a war. How did a single event start a chain reaction that sparked World War I? The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand sparked World War I. It caused a chain event that escalated out of control because countries were driven by the alliance system, militarism, and nationalism. How did the alliance system spread the original conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia into a general war involving many countries? In the alliance system, countries were expected to come to each other's aid in time of war. This meant that, as soon as Austria-Hungary and Serbia went to war, all the countries with which they were allied were also likely to get involved in the conflict. Russia, Germany, France, and Britain entered the war because of alliances and agreements that they had with other countries. How was World War I a total war, and how did nations rally their citizens to fight? So many countries were involved; the war required the mobilization of entire economies to produce military goods; citizens were drafted into the military; countries rallied citizen support by using propaganda, appealing to nationalist feelings and convincing citizens they needed to be great powers. What were the effects of major new military technologies on World War I? New military technologies, such as rapid-fire machine guns, long-range artillery, and poison gas, increased the number of casualties caused by the war. On the Western Front, new military technologies made it difficult for soldiers to advance, which led to a four-year stalemate. How did the war contribute to the mass murder of the Armenian people? Include details from the text. After Turkish Armenians aided the Russian army, the Ottoman government forcibly removed the Armenians from their ancestral homeland in northern Turkey. During the deportation, hundreds of thousands of Armenians died. Many died of starvation; others were murdered in planned massacres. How did imperialism influence war? Imperialism was one of the long-term causes of the war. Imperialism helped make the war a global conflict, as battles were fought in the colonies as well as in Europe. The colonies gave the European powers access to additional supplies and manpower. In what ways did women's contributions and experiences during World War I directly contribute to social and political changes for women after the war? Women took pride in their accomplishments working outside the home and supporting the war effort. They felt that they had proven that they could handle greater responsibilities and more demanding and dangerous jobs. They felt their contributions to the war effort were significant enough that they should be allowed the right to vote. In what ways was Germany forced to make amends for its role in World War I? by paying reparations, assuming full blame for the war, limiting its military, giving up Alsace and Lorraine and its colonies, and the forcing of German citizens to leave territories that were given up Why did it take so long for the United States to enter World War I? The war was happening overseas, not on American soil; Americans had different loyalties to European nations, depending on their own backgrounds. For example, there were German Americans who favored Germany and Irish Americans who opposed Britain. It was not clear to many Americans why it was necessary to enter the war or on which side America should join. It was also not clear how it was in American interests to enter the war. How might the harsh provisions of the Treaty of Versailles affect conditions in Germany? By leaving Germany in such a weakened state, saddling it with reparations payments to all of the Allied nations, and not allowing it to participate in the peace negotiations, the treaty would leave Germans embittered, angry, impoverished, and defensive. Germany would be likely to seek relief and revenge in the future, and look for scapegoats to blame for its misfortune. Read the fifth of Wilson's Fourteen Points. Then read the two paragraphs in the section The Mandate System. Do you think the Allies followed Wilson's recommendation for dealing with colonies? Why or why not? No, the Allies did not follow Wilson's recommendations. Germany's former colonies were divided up among the Allies without the regard to the wishes of the native populations that Wilson advised, and people in the colonies were left feeling betrayed. Describe the impact of the influenza pandemic. The influenza pandemic resulted in widespread death around the globe. As society became more mobile, pandemics such as this one were carried along trade routes. Refer to the infographic The Costs of World War I in The Great War Ends. Describe how American financial costs and casualties compared to the costs and casualties borne by the other Allies. How can you explain these differences? The United States suffered far fewer casualties than its allies. It spent significant money but less than the other Allies. The lower costs were due to America's late entry into the war and the fact that the war was not fought on American soil. How did Lenin and Trotsky use brutality and terror to win the Russian Civil War? Communists murdered the tsar and his entire family so that they could not rally counterrevolutionary forces. The Cheka was a secret police force that executed citizens who were suspected of opposing the Revolution. An order was issued in the Red Army to shoot one out of every ten soldiers in a unit if it performed poorly in battle. How did the actions of Tsar Nicholas II and his wife lead to revolution in Russia? Nicholas II opposed efforts to limit his power. His government led Russia into a disastrous war. He took personal charge of the armies, and he was incompetent. More casualties and losses resulted. The tsarina undermined public confidence in the royal family by relying too much on Rasputin, an illiterate peasant. How did World War I help to pave the way for the Russian Revolution? The war greatly weakened Russia, which was already troubled by the great inequities between the aristocracy and the peasants. The war pushed the feeble economy to collapse, causing widespread hunger. The enormous number of casualties and losses at the front caused further distress and bitterness. In short, the war pushed an already weak country into collapse. Differentiate between the February Revolution and the October Revolution. What were the outcomes of each? The February Revolution resulted in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, and marked the end of tsarism in Russia. A provisional government was installed. The October Revolution grew out of the failures of the provisional government to address the urgent problems in Russia. The October Revolution overthrew that government, brought the Bolsheviks to power, and a civil war resulted. Lenin's Communists won the civil war and established the Soviet Union. Recommended textbook solutions Impact California Social Studies World History, Culture, and Geography The Modern WorldJackson J. Spielvogel 1,440 solutions
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Do you think the allies followed wilson’s recommendation for dealing with colonies? why or why not?
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