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journal article Southern Agriculture since the Civil War: An OverviewAgricultural History Vol. 53, No. 1, Southern Agriculture Since the Civil War: A Symposium (Jan., 1979) , pp. 3-21 (19 pages) Published By: Agricultural History Society https://www.jstor.org/stable/3742855 Read and download Log in through your school or library Alternate access options For independent researchers Read Online Read 100 articles/month free Subscribe to JPASS Unlimited reading + 10 downloads Purchase article $14.00 - Download now and later Journal Information Agricultural History is the journal of record in the field. As such, it publishes articles on all aspects of the history of agriculture and rural life with no geographical or temporal limits. The editor is particularly interested in articles that address a novel subject, demonstrate considerable primary and secondary research, display an original interpretation, and are of general interest to Society members and other Agricultural History readers. The Agricultural History Society was founded in Washington, DC in 1919 "to promote the interest, study and research in the history of agriculture." Incorporated in 1924, the Society began publishing a journal in 1927. The term "agricultural history" has always been interpreted broadly. Currently the membership includes agricultural economists, anthropologists, economists, environmentalists, historians, historical geographers, rural sociologists, and a variety of independent scholars. Publisher Information Agricultural History is published by the Agricultural History Society. Initially affiliated with the American Historical Association, the Agricultural History Society is the third oldest, discipline-based professional organization in the United States. Rights & Usage This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Abstract In 1929 rural sociologist Rupert Vance surveyed the southern landscape, seeing no end in sight to the cotton production that impoverished the South. In search of ways for cotton farmers to diversify, Vance noted that "whether equitable or not, a system of division of the product by shares between landlord and tenant has been worked out by custom and law for cotton." Indeed, there was a credit system in place that facilitated cotton production, a system that dated back to Reconstruction. Lamenting that "no generally accepted system of share cropping has been worked out for more complex forms of farming," Vance could not foresee that soon furnishing merchants would refashion the crop lien to facilitate poultry production. For some time, politicians, Vance, and a host of rural reformers waged an unsuccessful war against the crop lien, and its close relatives sharecropping and tenancy, which they considered to be the basis of southern problems. The poultry industry--today the model for contract farming and a multi-million-dollar business--grew out of the crop lien system, an institution thought to be the root of southern poverty. Journal Information Agricultural History is the journal of record in the field. As such, it publishes articles on all aspects of the history of agriculture and rural life with no geographical or temporal limits. The editor is particularly interested in articles that address a novel subject, demonstrate considerable primary and secondary research, display an original interpretation, and are of general interest to Society members and other Agricultural History readers. The Agricultural History Society was founded in Washington, DC in 1919 "to promote the interest, study and research in the history of agriculture." Incorporated in 1924, the Society began publishing a journal in 1927. The term "agricultural history" has always been interpreted broadly. Currently the membership includes agricultural economists, anthropologists, economists, environmentalists, historians, historical geographers, rural sociologists, and a variety of independent scholars. Publisher Information Agricultural History is published by the Agricultural History Society. Initially affiliated with the American Historical Association, the Agricultural History Society is the third oldest, discipline-based professional organization in the United States. Rights & Usage This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. What did the cropIn the post-Civil War South, the crop lien system allowed farmers to obtain supplies, such as food and seed, on credit from merchants; the debt was to be repaid after the crop was harvested and brought to market.
How did the cropAfter the Civil War, the crop-lien system replaced slavery in the cotton belt of the South. This arrangement allowed country merchants to front supplies to poor farmers - at high interest rates - in return for a lien on the farmer's upcoming crop.
What is crop lien sharecropping?The crop-lien system was a method by which credit could be extended to sharecroppers, tenant farmers, and small farmers so that they could purchase the supplies necessary to grow their yearly crops. The credit would be obtained either through local country merchants or directly from their landlords.
Where was the cropIn Mississippi, conflicts between white elite landlords and merchants and poorer whites led to political struggles over crop-lien laws. In 1875 the state gave landlords precedence over crops, preventing sharecroppers from using the crop as collateral.
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In the crop-lien system that developed after the Civil War, both farmers and landowners
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