Refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus.

Organizational Behavior, 16e, Global Edition (Robbins/Judge)

Chapter 4 Emotions and Moods

1) Which of the following is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people

experience?

A) affect

B) knowledge

C) insight

D) attention

E) cognition

Answer: A

Explanation: A) Affect is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings people experience,

including both emotions and moods. Emotions are intense feelings directed at someone or

something. Moods are less intense feelings than emotions and often, though not always, lack a

contextual stimulus.

LO: 1

Difficulty: Easy

Quest. Category: Concept

2) Which of the following is a characteristic of emotions?

A) Emotions are reactions to a person or event.

B) Emotions last for a longer time period than moods.

C) Emotions are never action-oriented in nature.

D) Emotions lack a contextual stimulus.

E) Emotions involve less intense feelings than moods.

Answer: A

Explanation: A) Emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something.

Emotions are reactions to a person. For instance, seeing a friend at work may make one feel glad

or an event dealing with a rude client may make one feel angry.

LO: 1

Difficulty: Easy

Quest. Category: Concept

Learning Outcome: Discuss the importance of individual moods and emotions in the workplace

Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Chapter 4 Personality & Emotions

What are you responsible to learn?

�   Explain the factors that determine an individual�s personality

�   Describe the MBTI personality framework

�   Identify the key traits in the Big Five personality model

�   Explain the impact of job typology on the personality -- job performance relationship

�   Differentiate emotions from moods

�   Contrast felt vs. displayed emotions

�   Explain any gender differences in emotions

�   Describe external constraints on emotions

�   Apply concepts on emotions to OB issues

Personality

Consider the following quote�.�Regarding behavior � forget about personality � it�s the situation that determines how someone will behave!�

Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why? Why not?

What is personality?

The sum total of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.

Personality Determinants

�         Heredity � so we�re born to be �just the way we are�?

�         Environment � oh, so it�s the environment instead?

�         Situation � or is it the situation that determines our personality??

So � what determines your personality???

Personality Traits

Personality traits are enduring characteristics that describe an individual�s behavior.

Early Search for Primary Traits (16 primary traits)

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) (popular yet not well supported by research/data)

The Big Five Model (well supported by research/data!)

1.    Extroversion

2.    Agreeableness

3.    Conscientiousness

4.    Emotional Stability

5.    Openness to Experience

Major personality attributes influencing OB

�       Locus of Control

�       Machiavellianism

�       Self-Esteem

�       Self- Monitoring

�       Risk-Taking

�       Type A vs. Type B Personality

�       Proactive Personality

Personality & National Culture

            Across cultures, there is a surprisingly high amount of consistency in personality types (especially in industrialized nations)

Achieving Personality Fit

�         The Person-Job Fit (John Holland�s personality-job fit theory)

�         The Person-Organization Fit (fit employee personalities with organizational climate)

( So � what is personality? Where does it come from? Why is it important in OB and in the workplace?)

Emotions

            Affect � A broad range of feelings that people experience

            Emotions � Intense feelings that are directed at someone or something

Moods � Feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus.

Emotional Labor: A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions.

Felt vs. Displayed Emotions

Felt = �actual� emotions

Displayed = organizationally required emotions considered appropriate in a given job

Emotion Dimensions

�� Variety

�� Intensity

�� Frequency & Duration

Can People be Emotionless? (to some extent, �yes�)

Gender & Emotions

            Women tend to show more emotional expression than men, experience emotions more intensely, and display them more than men (except for anger).  Men tend to feel less comfortable expressing emotions, and women tend to be better �readers� of nonverbal emotional cues than men.

External Constraints on Emotions

�         Organizational Influences

�         Cultural Influences

OB Applications

�       Ability & Selection

�       Emotional Intelligence (EI) is important and relatively �new�

�       Decision making

�       Motivation

�       Leadership

�       Interpersonal Conflict

�       Deviant work behaviors

Summary & Implications for Managers

            Personality

-          Create parameters for people�s behaviors so it is important in predicting behavior

-          Use personality tests in conjunction with other selection tools

-          Match the job (remember job analysis? Yes, again it rears it�s ugly head!) to the personality of the employee

            Emotions

-          Managers cannot control the emotions of their subordinates

-          However, you shouldn�t ignore them either

-          Emotions trigger arousal levels (important when we discuss motivation)

-          Emotions are often �part of the job� � understand and accept this and select the right people for the jobs with more or less �emotional� aspects  (i.e., are some jobs more �complex� than others?)

Are feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus?

Are the feelings that tend to be less intense?

What is it called when you feel intense emotions?

Which of the following terms best describes feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions?