"Every denial of justice, every beating by the police, every demand of [colonial] workers that is drowned in blood, every scandal that is hushed up, every punitive expedition . . . brings home to us the value of our old societies. They were communal societies, never societies of the many for the few. They were societies that were not only pre-capitalist, but also anti-capitalist. They were democratic societies, always. They were cooperative societies, fraternal societies. I make a systematic defense of the societies destroyed by imperialism." Show
Aimé Césaire, Afro-Caribbean intellectual, Discourse on Colonialism, 1953 Césaire's statement above was most likely made in response to "The misfortunes and decline of this country [Bengal, a region in eastern India] began on the day of the Muslim conquest. Just as a storm wreaks destruction and disorder upon a garden, so did the unscrupulous and tyrannical Muslims destroy the happiness and good fortune of Bengal. Ravaged by endless waves of oppression, the people of Bengal became withdrawn and timid. Hinduism, our native religion, also took distorted forms. But there are limits to everything. When the oppressions of the Muslims became intolerable, Brahma, the Lord of the Universe, provided a means of escape. The resumption of Bengal's good fortune began on the day the British flag was first planted on this land. Tell me, if Muslim rule had continued, what would the condition of this country have been today? It must be loudly declared that it is to bless us that the Lord Brahma has brought the English to this country. British rule has ended the atrocities of Muslim rule. There can be no comparison between the two: the difference seems to be greater than that between darkness and light or between misery and bliss." Bholanath Chakravarti, Bengali religious scholar, lecture at a meeting of a Hindu reformist society, Kolkata, India, 1876 The author's political point of view can be most clearly seen in the way in which the passage "The misfortunes and decline of this country [Bengal, a region in eastern India] began on the day of the Muslim conquest. Just as a storm wreaks destruction and disorder upon a garden, so did the unscrupulous and tyrannical Muslims destroy the happiness and good fortune of Bengal. Ravaged by endless waves of oppression, the people of Bengal became withdrawn and timid. Hinduism, our native religion, also took distorted forms. But there are limits to everything. When the oppressions of the Muslims became intolerable, Brahma, the Lord of the Universe, provided a means of escape. The resumption of Bengal's good fortune began on the day the British flag was first planted on this land. Tell me, if Muslim rule had continued, what would the condition of this country have been today? It must be loudly declared that it is to bless us that the Lord Brahma has brought the English to this country. British rule has ended the atrocities of Muslim rule. There can be no comparison between the two: the difference seems to be greater than that between darkness and light or between misery and bliss." Bholanath Chakravarti, Bengali religious scholar, lecture at a meeting of a Hindu reformist society, Kolkata, India, 1876 The arguments expressed in the passage are significant because they help explain why "The misfortunes and decline of this country [Bengal, a region in eastern India] began on the day of the Muslim conquest. Just as a storm wreaks destruction and disorder upon a garden, so did the unscrupulous and tyrannical Muslims destroy the happiness and good fortune of Bengal. Ravaged by endless waves of oppression, the people of Bengal became withdrawn and timid. Hinduism, our native religion, also took distorted forms. But there are limits to everything. When the oppressions of the Muslims became intolerable, Brahma, the Lord of the Universe, provided a means of escape. The resumption of Bengal's good fortune began on the day the British flag was first planted on this land. Tell me, if Muslim rule had continued, what would the condition of this country have been today? It must be loudly declared that it is to bless us that the Lord Brahma has brought the English to this country. British rule has ended the atrocities of Muslim rule. There can be no comparison between the two: the difference seems to be greater than that between darkness and light or between misery and bliss." Bholanath Chakravarti, Bengali religious scholar, lecture at a meeting of a Hindu reformist society, Kolkata, India, 1876 A historian analyzing the lecture would most likely argue that the audience of Chakravarti's lecture is significant because it shows the most direct contrast with which of the following developments in the nineteenth century? The following questions refer to the images below. Image 1 GEORGE CHINNERY, BRITISH ARTIST, THE SCOTTISH PHYSICIAN DR. THOMAS COLLEDGE WITH HIS CHINESE PATIENTS, PAINTED IN CANTON [GUANGZHOU], SOUTHERN CHINA, 1835 Thomas Colledge was a surgeon serving with the British East India Company who also undertook missionary work while stationed in Guangzhou. Image 2 FÉLIX-JACQUES MOULIN, FRENCH PHOTOGRAPHER, 1856 PHOTOGRAPH OF A FRENCH SCHOOL IN ALGIERS, INCLUDED IN A FRENCH GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION SHOWING SCENES FROM COLONIAL ALGERIA, 1857 The title of the photograph is "French Arab School in Algiers Under the Supervision of the Colonial Arab Bureau; Class Taught By Monsieur Depielle." The writing on the chalkboard reads: "My children, love France, your new homeland." The French educational practice shown in Image 2 likely contributed to which of the following problems for French colonial rule? What impact did the Industrial Revolution have upon nonindustrial countries quizlet?What impact did the Industrial Revolution have upon nonindustrial countries? They became export countries. Which movement included forced migrants before about 1850? Indian migrations to places such as Mauritius (Migration 3) and islands in the caribbean led most directly to which long-term effect?
Which statement best provides the context for the racial policies described in the passage that shaped imperialism in India and Africa?Which statement best provides the context to understand how the racial policies described in the passage shaped imperialism in India and Africa? C. The European powers must respect the sovereignty of independent nations in the Western Hemisphere.
Which of the following likely explains the political positions of most of the non aligned?Which of the following likely explains the political positions of most of the nonaligned Asian and African states shown on the map? As former colonial territories, they were wary of being dominated by another foreign power.
Which of the following best describes an accurate comparison of the relationship between sailing vessels and steamships in the late nineteenth?Which of the following best describes an accurate comparison of the relationship between sailing vessels and steamships in the late nineteenth century that is supported by the data in the table? The total number of sailing vessels in all regions still greatly surpassed the total number of steamships in all regions.
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The author’s political point of view can be most clearly seen in the way in which the passage
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