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Forensic Science- The Basics, Second Edition by Jay A. Siegel Terms in this set (48)Ballistics The study of projectiles in motion. Caliber The bore diameter of a rifled gun barrel. DRUGFIRE A database of fired cartridge cases developed by the FBI in 2002. Firearms Identification a category of tool mark identification in which the examiner matched fired bullets, cartridge cases or other ammunition components in to a specific firearm. Gauge A way of measure the bore diameter of a shotgun based on the number of solid spheres of a diameter equal to the inside diameter of the barrel that could be made from a pound of lead. Groove The curved track machined into the barrel of a firearm that causes the bullet to spin upon exit from the barrel. GSR (Gun Shot Residue) Burned and unburned gunpowder that exits the firearm after the bullet. IBIS Integrated Ballistics Identification System, a database developed by the BATFE to compare with markings on fired bullets. Land The part of a gun barrel that is untouched by the machining process which cuts the grooves into the barrel. NIBIN National Integrated Ballistic Information Network Riflings The cutting of curved grooves in a fire arm barrel during the manufacturing process. Rifled barrels impart spin on fired bullets which increases stability and accuracy in flight. Stipplings Small, dry, reddish orange abrasions on skin or small, black specks on objects caused by unburned powder and small metal fragments from a fire-arm striking the object. Toolmark A scratch or other microscopic marking left by the action of a tool on an object when the two come into contact. Twist A term used in bullet identification which refers to the direction of the grooves impressed into the fired bullet by the lands of the gun barrel. Cartridges Marked by several components like the breech plate, backing revolvers or the firing pin. Revolvers Pistols containing revolving cylinders with chambers that hold individual live rounds. Live rounds Bullets and cartridge casings Pistols (hand guns) Originally designed to be operated with one hand. Divided between Revolvers and Self Loading. Firing pin As the weapon is cocked, the next chamber comes into contact with the firing pin and barrel. Self loading Pistols loaded with a Magazine loaded into grip and bullets are fed into the firing chamber by a spring load. Magazine Contains a number of bullets. Rifles Similar to pistols but made to be operated with two hands. Can range from single shot to automatic rifles. Machine guns Fully automatic weapons that obtain their ammunition from magazines or belts. Submachine Guns Like machine guns, but meant to be hand held. Shotguns Dont fire bullets, rather a round of ammunition such as shotgun shells or single slugs (that contain lots of tiny bullets) Class characteristics of rifling include... Number of lands and
grooves, the direction and the angle of their twist. What are the three types of bullets? Lead (or lead alloy), fully jacketed, and half-jacketed. Lead (or lead alloy) Bullets Originally made of pure lead. Fully Jacketed bullets Have a layer of copper, brass or steel that completely girdles the base which hardens the bullet, but reduces expansion upon firing. Half- jacketed bullets Have a jacket that surrounds the base of the bullet but usually leaves the nose uncovered. Propellants -Oldest known is black powder invented by chinese, 10th century. What is a breech? A block of metal that stops the cartridge case from hitting the shooter. Extractor marks can be found where? The lip of the cartridge case and on the headstamp. The rifiling of a barrel refers to.. The grooves made in the barrel. What markings won't be found on a cartridge casing fired from a revolver? Extractor markings Give an example of a class characteristic of a fired bullet or cartridge casing. Bullet striations (T/F) You cannot determine the distance of firing with a shotgun. True The stria in a barrel of a gun is... Initially made by the tool that makes the barrel. What is the major propellant used in fire-arms today? smoke-less powder. Out of a pistol, a shotgun, a machine gun and a submachine gun, which one is not a rifled weapon? A shotgun (T/F) When a manufacturer rifles the barrel of a gun, it uses a broach tool to cut the grooves into the metal barrel. True (T/F) Once a toolmark has been impressed upon a surface, the took making the mark never changes. False (T/F) if a perp sands down the serial number of a gun to a point where it is no longer visible, it is beyond the point of restoration. False (T/F) Stippling on a surface is caused by metal shavings exiting a gun barrel. True (T/F) Extractor marks, breechface marks, striations and serial numbers are all examples of tool marks. True Negative ID Cartridges Cartridges that do not match the one fired in custody. Positive ID cartridges Cartridges that positively match the one fired in custody. Non-Conclusion Cartridges When you are unable to positively match the evidence cartridge with the one fired in custody. Sets with similar termsFirearms and Ballistics48 terms bryanna_tanase Forensics Ballistics50 terms herrmannlauren FRSC 201 Firearms a69 terms dso2 Firearm and Tool Mark Examinations50 terms angela_ruffino Sets found in the same folder
Chapter 7: Fingerprints and Other Impressions43 terms Sara_Sedia Chapter 13: Serology13 terms Sara_Sedia Chapter 10 Fingerprints20 terms mmanchac Chapter 125 terms Sara_Sedia Other sets by this creatorFederal Rules of Evidence27 terms Sara_Sedia Deductive, Inductive, Fallacies34 terms Sara_Sedia Anatomical Position/Directional Terms42 terms Sara_Sedia anatomical terms55 terms Sara_Sedia Other Quizlet setsIMC 391 CH 5 QUIZ40 terms carolinesimrall units 3 and 4151 terms b_molter_ BWL Grundlagen23 terms beiro41PLUS 2. Biochemia wysiłku fizycznego + azot pozabiałkow…95 terms maryy_262 Related questionsQUESTION Compensatory measures shall be implemented for IDS not meeting the false and nuisance alarm rate standards. What are compensatory measures that can be implemented? 2 answers QUESTION True/False; it is very important for an investigator to initially define the crime scene, and monitor all entrance and exit routes before beginning the investigation. 3 answers QUESTION What are the 6 major types of chemical agents? 10 answers QUESTION Mandatory Penalties: First offense/BAC .08 - .10: 3 answers What is the name of the firearms database that has computer files of ballistic markings of firearms used in previous crimes?NIBIN is a national database of digital images of spent bullets and cartridge cases that were found at crime scenes or test-fired from confiscated weapons.
What is the database that holds ballistic information for comparison purposes is known as?The National Integrated Ballistic Information Network (NIBIN) is the only national network that allows for the capture and comparison of ballistic evidence to aid in solving and preventing violent crimes involving firearms.
What are the the example of class characteristics of a firearm?On bullets, the class characteristics are the rifling specifications of the barrel from which the bullet was fired. These include caliber, number of lands and grooves, direction of twist of the lands and grooves, and widths of the lands and grooves.
What are individual characteristics of firearms?There are at least five key identifiers of a firearm: the make, model, calibre, manufacturer, and serial number. Other markings (import or proof house markings), the year of manufacture or import, as well as additional specific characteristics, may contribute to its identification.
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The central fbi computer database listing the class characteristics of most firearms is called the
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