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HESI Practice Quiz Terms in this set (134)A 42-week gestational client is receiving an intravenous infusion of oxytocin (Pitocin) to augment early labor. The nurse should discontinue the oxytocin infusion for which pattern of contractions? A Transition labor with contractions every 2 minutes, lasting 90 seconds each. A client in active labor is admitted with preeclampsia. Which assessment finding is most significant in planning this client's care? A 4+ reflex in a client with pregnancy-induced hypertension indicates hyperreflexia, which is an indication of an impending seizure. The nurse is preparing a client with a term pregnancy who is in active labor for an amniotomy. What equipment should the nurse have available at the client's bedside? (Select all that apply.) C, D, F A single sterile glove, an amniotic hook, and Doppler to check fetal heart tones are the necessary equipment for performing an amniotomy. In developing a teaching plan for expectant parents, the nurse plans to include information about when the parents can expect the infant's fontanels to close. The nurse bases the explanation on knowledge that for the normal newborn, the D Which assessment finding should the nursery nurse report to the pediatric healthcare provider? D An infant who demonstrates central cyanosis when crying is manifesting poor adaptation to extrauterine life which should be reported to the healthcare provider for determination of a possible underlying cardiovascular problem. The nurse is assessing a client who is having a non-stress test (NST) at 41-weeks gestation. The nurse determines that the client is not having contractions, the fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline is 144 bpm, and no FHR accelerations are occurring. What action should the nurse take? D Ask the client if she has felt any fetal movement. A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery and, after careful assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this newborn likely
to have exhibited? A Choking, coughing, and cyanosis. A woman who had a miscarriage 6 months ago becomes pregnant. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to
provide this client? D During a prenatal visit, the nurse discusses with a client the effects of smoking on the fetus. When compared with nonsmokers, mothers who smoke during pregnancy tend to produce infants who have B lower birth weights Which maternal behavior is the nurse most likely to see when a new mother receives her infant for the first time? B Attachment/bonding theory indicates that most mothers will demonstrate behaviors described in during the first visit with the newborn, which may be at delivery or later. Just after delivery, a new mother tells the nurse, "I was unsuccessful breastfeeding my first child, but I would like to try with this baby." Which intervention is best for the nurse to implement first? D Provide assistance to the mother to begin breastfeeding as soon as possible after delivery. The nurse observes a new mother avoiding eye contact with her newborn. Which action should the nurse take? B Parent-infant bonding or attachment is based on a mutual relationship between parent and infant and is commonly established by the "enface position," which is demonstrated by the mother's and infant's eyes meeting in the same plane. To assess for other attachment behaviors, continued observation of the new mother's interactions with her infant helps the nurse determine problems in attachment. A mother who is breastfeeding her baby receives instructions from the nurse. Which instruction is most effective to prevent nipple soreness? C The most common cause of nipple soreness is incorrect positioning of the infant on the breast, e.g., grasping too little of the areola or grasping only the nipple. Manually express a small amount of milk before nursing helps soften an engorged breast and encourages correct infant attachment, but is NOT the BEST answer. A 23-year-old client who is receiving Medicaid benefits is pregnant with her first child. Based on knowledge of the statistics
related to infant mortality, which plan should the nurse implement with this client? C A couple, concerned because the woman has not been able to conceive, is referred to a healthcare provider for a fertility workup and a hysterosalpingography is scheduled. Which postprocedure complaint indicates that the fallopian tubes are patent? C If the tubes are patent (open), pain is referred to the shoulder from a subdiaphragmatic collection of peritoneal dye/gas. A newborn infant is brought to the nursery from the birthing suite. The nurse notices that the infant is breathing satisfactorily but appears dusky. What action should the nurse take first? C Check the infant's oxygen saturation rate. A multigravida client arrives at the labor and delivery unit and tells the nurse that her bag of water has broken. The nurse identifies the presence of meconium fluid on the perineum and determines the fetal heart rate is between 140 to 150 beats/minute. What action should the
nurse implement next? A Complete a sterile vaginal exam. A vaginal exam (A) should be performed after the rupture of membranes to determine the presence of a prolapsed cord. A client with no prenatal care arrives at the labor unit
screaming, "The baby is coming!" The nurse performs a vaginal examination that reveals the cervix is 3 centimeters dilated and 75% effaced. What additional information is most important for the nurse to obtain? C A 28-year-old client in active labor complains of cramps in her leg. What intervention should the nurse implement? B The nurse is assessing a 3-day old infant with a cephalohematoma in the newborn nursery. Which assessment finding should the
nurse report to the healthcare provider? A A client at 32-weeks gestation is diagnosed with preeclampsia. Which assessment finding is most indicative of an impending convulsion? A Three plus deep tendon reflexes and hyperclonus are indicative of an impending convulsion and requires immediate attention. A woman who thinks she could be pregnant calls her neighbor, a nurse, to ask when she could use a home pregnancy test to diagnose pregnancy. Which response is best? A Home urine tests are based on the chemical detection of human chorionic gonadotrophin, which begins to increase 6 to 8 days after conception, and is best detected at 2 weeks gestation or immediately after the first missed period. The nurse is counseling a woman who wants to become pregnant. The woman tells the nurse
that she has a 36-day menstrual cycle and the first day of her last menstrual period was January 8. The nurse correctly calculates that the woman's next fertile period is C January 30-31. A client who is attending antepartum classes asks the nurse why her healthcare provider has prescribed iron tablets. The nurse's response is based on what knowledge? B A 40-week gestation primigravida client is being induced with an oxytocin (Pitocin) secondary infusion and complains of pain in her lower back. Which intervention should the nurse implement? D Apply firm pressure to sacral area. The discomfort of back labor can be minimized by the application of firm pressure to the sacral area Which action should the nurse implement when preparing to measure the fundal height of a pregnant client? To accurately measure the fundal height, the bladder must be empty to avoid elevation of the uterus. The nurse is preparing to give an enema to a laboring client. Which client requires the most caution when carrying out this procedure? A 40-week primigravida who is at 6 cm cervical dilatation and the presenting part is not engaged. the Silverman-Anderson Index A Silverman-Anderson Index has five categories with scores of 0, 1, or 2. The total score ranges from 0 to 10. A total score of 0 means the infant has no dyspnea, a total score of 10 indicates maximum respiratory distress. A pregnant woman comes to the prenatal clinic for an initial visit. In reviewing her childbearing history, the client indicates that she has delivered premature twins, one full-term baby, and has had no abortions. Which GTPAL should the nurse document in this client's record? THIS QUESTION WAS CONTRAINDICATED. EVOLVE SAYS THIS BUT CORRECTLY IT IS SUPPOSE TO BE 3-1-2-0-3 The healthcare provider prescribes terbutaline (Brethine) for a client in preterm labor. Before initiating this prescription, it is most important for the nurse to assess the client for which condition? Gestational diabetes. A couple has been trying to conceive for nine months without success. Which information obtained from the clients is most likely to have an impact on the couple's ability to conceive a child? The use of lubricants has the potential to affect fertility because some lubricants interfere with sperm motility. A pregnant client tells the nurse that the first day of her last menstrual period was August 2, 2006. Based on Nägele's rule, what is the estimated date of delivery? Since this woman's first day of her last normal menstrual period occurred on August 2, 2006, the estimated date of delivery is May 9, 2007. Nägele's rule is used to calculate the expected date of delivery, and is obtained by subtracting 3 months and adding 7 days beginning from the first day of the last normal menstrual period. During labor, the nurse determines that a full-term client is demonstrating late decelerations. In which sequence should the nurse implement these nursing actions? (Arrange in order.) To stabilize the fetus, intrauterine resuscitation is the first priority, and to enhance fetal blood supply, the laboring client should be repositioned (1) to displace the gravid uterus and improve fetal perfusion. Secondly, to optimize oxygenation of the circulatory blood volume, oxygen via face mask (2) should be applied to the mother. Next, the IV fluids should be increased (3) to expand the maternal circulating blood volume. Then, the primary healthcare provider should be notified (4) for additional interventions to resolve the fetal stress. A vaginally delivered infant of an HIV positive mother is admitted to the newborn nursery. What intervention should the nurse perform first? To reduce direct contact with the human immuno-virus in blood and body fluids on the newborn's skin, a bath with an antimicrobial soap should be administered first. Client teaching is an important part of the maternity nurse's role. Which factor has the greatest influence on successful teaching of the gravid client? When teaching any client, readiness to learn is the most important criterion. For example, the client with severe morning sickness in the first trimester may not be "ready to learn" about labor and delivery, but is probably very "ready to learn" about ways to relieve morning sickness. A 38-week primigravida who works as a secretary and sits at a computer 8 hours each day tells the nurse that her feet have begun to swell. Which instruction would be most effective in preventing pooling of blood in the lower extremities? Pooling of blood in the lower extremities results from the enlarged uterus exerting pressure on the pelvic veins. Moving about every hour will straighten out the pelvic veins and increase venous return. A 26-year-old, gravida 2, para 1 client is admitted to the hospital at 28-weeks gestation in preterm labor. She is given 3 doses of terbutaline sulfate (Brethine) 0.25 mg subcutaneously to stop her labor contractions. The nurse plans to monitor for which primary side effect of terbutaline sulfate? Terbutaline sulfate (Brethine), a beta-sympathomimetic drug, stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors in the uterine muscle to stop contractions. The beta-adrenergic agonist properties of the drug may cause tachycardia, increased cardiac output, restlessness, headache, and a feeling of "nervousness". The nurse should encourage the laboring client to begin pushing when.. the cervix is completely dilated. The nurse is counseling a couple who has sought information about conceiving. For teaching purposes, the nurse should know that ovulation usually occurs.. two weeks before menstruation. The nurse caring for a laboring client encourages her to void at least q2h, and records each time the client empties her bladder. What is the primary reason for implementing this nursing intervention? A full bladder can impair the efficiency of the uterine contractions and impede descent of the fetus during labor. Also, because of the close proximity of the bladder to the uterus, the bladder can be traumatized by the descent of the fetus. Twenty-four hours after admission to the newborn nursery, a full-term male infant develops localized edema on the right side of his head. The nurse knows that, in the newborn, an accumulation of blood between the periosteum and skull which does not cross the suture line is a newborn variation known as.. a cephalhematoma, caused by forceps trauma and may last up to 8
weeks. After each feeding, a 3-day-old newborn is spitting up large amounts of Enfamil® Newborn Formula, a nonfat cow's milk formula. The pediatric healthcare provider changes the neonate's formula to Similac® Soy Isomil® Formula, a soy protein isolate based infant formula. What information should the nurse provide to the mother about the newly prescribed formula? The nurse should explain that the newborn's feeding intolerance may be related to the lactose found in cow's milk formula and is being replaced with the soy-based formula that contains sucrose, which is well-tolerated in infants with milk allergies and lactose intolerance. On admission to the prenatal clinic, a 23-year-old woman tells the nurse that her last menstrual period began on February 15, and that previously her periods were regular. Her pregnancy test is positive. This client's expected date of delivery (EDD) is.. November 22 correctly applies Nägele's rule for estimating the due date by counting back 3 months from the first day of the last menstrual period (January, December, November) and adding 7 days (15+7=22). A client at 32-weeks gestation is hospitalized with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), and magnesium sulfate is prescribed to control the symptoms. Which assessment finding indicates the therapeutic drug level has been achieved? Magnesium sulfate, a CNS depressant, helps prevent seizures. A decreased respiratory rate indicates that the drug is effective. (Respiratory rate below 12 indicates toxic effects.) Twenty minutes after a continuous epidural anesthetic is administered, a laboring client's blood pressure drops from 120/80 to 90/60. What action should the nurse take? The nurse should immediately turn the woman to a lateral position, place a pillow or wedge under the right hip to deflect the uterus, increase the rate of the main line IV infusion, and administer oxygen by face mask at 10-12 L/min. If the blood pressure remains low, especially if it further decreases, the anesthesiologist/healthcare provider should be notified immediately. The nurse is teaching a woman how to use her basal body temperature (BBT) pattern as a tool to assist her in conceiving a child. Which temperature pattern indicates the occurrence of ovulation, and therefore, the best time for intercourse to ensure conception? Between the time the temperature falls and rises. The nurse is caring for a woman with a previously diagnosed heart disease who is in the second stage of labor. Which assessment findings are of greatest concern? Edema, basilar rales, and an irregular pulse indicate cardiac decompensation and require immediate intervention. A 30-year-old gravida 2, para 1 client is admitted to the hospital at 26-weeks' gestation in preterm labor. She is given a dose of terbutaline sulfate (Brethine) 0.25 mg subcutaneous. Which assessment is the highest priority for the nurse to monitor during the administration of this drug? Monitoring maternal and fetal heart rates is most important when terbutaline is being administered. Terbutaline acts as a sympathomimetic agent that stimulates both beta 1 receptors (causing tachycardia, a side effect of the drug) and stimulation of beta 2 receptors (causing uterine relaxation, a desired effect of the drug). The nurse attempts to help an unmarried teenager deal with her feelings following a spontaneous abortion at 8-weeks gestation. What type of emotional response should the nurse anticipate? Grief/loss response occurs at all stages of pregnancy loss. The nurse is teaching breastfeeding to prospective parents in a childbirth education class. Which instruction should the nurse include as content in the class? Breastfeeding infants should be kept in the room with the mother and fed every 2 to 3 hours or on demand--whichever comes first. A new mother is afraid to touch her baby's head for fear of hurting the "large soft spot." Which explanation should the nurse give to this anxious client? There's a strong, tough membrane there to protect the baby so you need not be afraid to wash or comb his/her hair. Which nursing intervention is helpful in relieving "afterpains" (postpartum uterine contractions)? (NOT A Duplicate -- different options) Periodic contraction and relaxation of the uterus causes "afterpains." Relaxation breathing techniques provide distraction, reducing the perception of pain. A client in active labor complains of cramps in her leg. What intervention should the nurse implement? Dorsiflexing the foot by pushing the sole of the foot forward or by standing (if the client is capable) (B), and putting the heel of the foot on the floor is the best means of relieving leg cramps. The nurse is performing a gestational age assessment on a full-term newborn during the first hour of transition using the Ballard (Dubowitz) scale. Based on this assessment, the nurse determines that the neonate has a maturity rating of 40-weeks. What findings should the nurse identify to determine if the neonate is small for gestational age (SGA)? (Select all that apply.) Frontal occipital circumference of 12.5 inches (31.25 cm) The normal full-term, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborn should fall between the measurement ranges of weight, 6-9 pounds (2700-4000 grams); length, 19-21 inches (48-53 cm); FOC, 13-14 inches (33-35 cm). This neonate's parameters plot below the 10% percentile, which indicate that the infant is SGA. A newborn, whose mother is HIV positive, is scheduled for follow-up assessments. The nurse knows that the most likely presenting symptom for a pediatric client with AIDS is: Respiratory tract infections commonly occur in the pediatric population. However, the child with AIDS has a decreased ability to defend the body against these infections and often the presenting symptom of a child with AIDS is a persistent cold. A primigravida client who is 5 cm dilated, 90% effaced, and at 0 station is requesting an epidural for pain relief. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider? A platelet count of 67,000/mm3. A woman with Type 2 diabetes mellitus becomes pregnant, and her oral hypoglycemic agents are discontinued. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? Diet modifications are effective in managing Type 2 diabetes during pregnancy, and describing the necessary diet changes is the most important intervention for the nurse to implement with this client. A 24-hour-old newborn has a pink papular rash with vesicles superimposed on the thorax, back, and abdomen. What action should the nurse implement? Erythema toxicum (or erythema neonatorum) is a newborn rash that is commonly referred to as "flea bites," but is a normal finding that is documented in the infant's record. The nurse is calculating the estimated date of confinement (EDC) using Nägele's rule for a client whose last menstrual period started on December 1. Which date is most accurate? Calculation of a client's EDC provides baseline data to monitor fetal gestation. Nägele's rule uses the formula: subtract 3 months and add 7 days to the first day of the last normal menstrual period, so December 1 minus 3 months + 7 days is September A client who is in the second trimester of pregnancy tells the nurse that she wants to use herbal therapy. Which response is best for the nurse to provide? It is important that you want to take part in your care. The nurse observes a new mother is rooming-in and caring for her newborn infant. Which observation indicates the need for further teaching? The mother should be instructed to avoid placing the infant prone which is associated with an increased incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). A client who has an autosomal dominant inherited disorder is exploring family planning options and the risk of transmission of the disorder to an infant. The nurse's response should be based on what information? According to the laws of inheritance, an autosomal dominant disorder has a 50% chance of being transmitted with each pregnancy, and if transmitted, the disorder will appear in the child. Males do not inherit autosomal dominant disorders more frequently than females. A 30-year-old multiparous woman who has a 3-year-old boy and an newborn girl tells the nurse, "My son is so jealous of my daughter, I don't know how I'll ever manage both children when I get home." How should the nurse respond? Regression in behaviors in the
older child is a typical reaction so he needs attention at this time. When explaining "postpartum blues" to a client who is 1 day postpartum, which symptoms should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.) "Postpartum blues" is a common emotional response related to the rapid decrease in placental hormones after delivery and include mood swings, tearfulness, feeling low, emotional, and fatigued. While breastfeeding, a new mother strokes the top of her baby's head and asks the nurse about the baby's swollen scalp. The nurse responds that the swelling is caput succedaneum. Which additional information should the nurse provide this new mother? Caput succedaneum is edema of the fetal scalp that crosses over the suture lines and is caused by pressure on the fetal head against the cervix during labor; it subside in a few days after birth without treatment. A female client with insulin-dependent diabetes arrives at the clinic seeking a plan to get pregnant in approximately 6 months. She tells the nurse that she want to have an uncomplicated pregnancy and a healthy baby. What information should the nurse share with the client? Maintaining blood sugar within a normal range during pregnancy has a strong correlation with a good outcome. Insulin requirements normally change during pregnancy. A client is admitted with the diagnosis of total placenta previa. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider immediately? Total (complete) placenta previa involves the placenta covering the entire cervical os (opening). The onset of uterine contractions places the client at risk for dilation and placental separation, which causes painless hemorrhaging. A healthcare provider informs the charge nurse of a labor and delivery unit that a client is coming to the unit with suspected abruptio placentae. What findings should the charge nurse expect the client to demonstrate? (Select all that apply.) The symptoms of abruptio placentae include dark red vaginal bleeding, increased uterine irritability, and a rigid abdomen. A client with gestational hypertension is in active labor and receiving an infusion of magnesium sulfate. Which drug should the nurse have available for signs of potential toxicity? The antidote for magnesium sulfate is calcium gluconate, which should be readily available if the client manifest signs of toxicity. A client who delivered an infant an hour ago tells the nurse that she feels wet underneath her buttock. The nurse notes that both perineal pads are completely saturated and the client is lying in a 6-inch diameter pool of blood. Which action should the nurse implement next? A firm uterus is needed to control bleeding from the placental site of attachment on the uterine wall. The nurse should first assess for firmness and massage the fundus as indicated. What is the most critical (physiological) adjustment after birth establishing respiratory gas exchange. ABC's. Apgar scoring A scoring system used to evaluate newborns at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth. The total score is achieved by assessing five signs: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. Each of the signs is assigned a score of 0, 1, or 2. The highest possible score is 10. Acrocyanosis Cyanosis of the extremities. Caput succedaneum Swelling or edema occurring in or under the fetal scalp during labor. Cephalhematoma Subcutaneous swelling containing blood found on the head of an infant several days after birth; it usually disappears within a few weeks to 2 months. Vernix A protective, cheeselike, whitish substance made up of sebum and desquamated epithelial cells that is present on the fetal skin. Erythema toxicum Innocuous pink papular rash of unknown cause with superimposed vesicles; it appears within 24 to 48 hours after birth and resolves spontaneously within a few days. Mongolian spots Dark, flat pigmentation of the lower back and buttocks noted at birth in some infants; usually disappears by the time the child reaches school age. Lanugo Fine, downy hair found on all body parts of the fetus, with the exception of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, after 20 weeks' gestation. Milia Tiny white papules appearing on the face of a newborn as a result of unopened sebaceous glands; they disappear spontaneously within a few weeks. Physiologic jaundice-Hyperbilirubinemia A harmless condition caused by the normal reduction of red blood cells, occurring 48 or more hours after birth, peaking at the 5th to 7th day, and disappearing between the 7th and 10th day. Occurs because liver isn't fully functioning yet, and babies have more RBC's and shorter RBC lifespans, and also intestinal factors contribute, delayed feeding, birthing trauma, fatty acids released when brown fat is used to create heat is burned. Pathological Jaundice-Hyperbilirubinemia If jaundice occurs within 1st 24 hours or after 2 weeks. Yellow pigmentation of body tissues caused by the presence of bile pigments What are the four most important physiological adaptations of the newborn? Respiratory - ABC's, cardiovascular-circulatory changes, thermoregulation, and gastrointestinal. What is relationship of head circumference to chest circumference? Chest circumference is 2-3 cm less than head circumference. What are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn? respiration's greater than 60, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, blue face/mouth. Which newborns are at risk for ineffective thermoregulation? All newborns are at risk for ineffective thermoregulation, which is heat loss due to less body fat, blood vessels closer to surface. What are normal voiding/stooling patterns for newborns? 1st void within 24 hours, then 1-day 1, 2-day 2, 3-day 3, 4-day 4, then 6-8 in 24 hours. What is normal weight loss for a term infant and why does this occur? 5-10% in first 3 days, start regaining by 3rd day, return to birth weight by 7-12 days. Cause is weight loss, fluid loss, intracellular fluid goes to extracellular, insensible water loss (water lost through respirations), and can't concentrate urine yet. How do you assess adequate hydration in a newborn? Anterior Fontanel, mucus membranes, skin turger. Anything else????? How is the umbilical cord cared for? At birth, triple dry is coated on it which turns it blue. Every 24 hours make sure it's dry and put alcohol on it. The clamp needs to come off at 24-48 hours after birth. Tell parents the stump falls off in 7-14 days, and sponge bath until it does. It might have slight odor but it shouldn't have a foul smell or any redness. Explain Circumcision care A plastibell-disc that stays on penis and strangles foreskin until it falls off, or clamp and cutting foreskin off can be used. most common complication is bleeding. check it every 30 minutes for the first two hours, then qs if stable. might have a strip of something to stop bleeding. Watch for bleeding, swelling, urinary retention, pain level, later infection. Care-put petroleum jelly on diaper to prevent sticking, cleanse gently. Advise parents a yellow exudate showing up around 24 hours after circ is normal. What is priority concern the first hour after circ? bleeding. How do assess pain in the newborn? LOOK UP- facial expression, vital signs, restlessness, inconsolable. Nursing implications for hyperbilirubinemia It usually shows up first on face. Eyes are a late indicator. to test, blanch nose 1st to see if
color is white or yellow tint. If yellow, test down body to see where the yellow color stops. If levels get too high, baby can get brain damage. What is sepsis? A generalized infection of the blood. Newborns are more susceptible. Mortality rate in newborns who get sepsis is 50%. Can be early-acquired prenatally or during L&D, or late sepsis. Could cause a newborn to be unable to regulate temperature. 700 out of 100,000 babies get sepsis. All newborns are required by law to be screened for what? genetic disorders such as PKU, galactosemia, CF, etc. What are the four priorities for newborn at birth? Airway, bonding, feeding, temp regulation. The nurse should explain to a 30-year-old gravid client that alpha fetoprotein testing is recommended for which purpose? Screen for neural tube defects. What action should the nurse implement to decrease the client's risk for hemorrhage after a cesarean section? Check the firmness of the uterus every 15 minutes. When assessing a client who is at 12-weeks gestation, the nurse recommends that she and her husband consider attending childbirth preparation classes. When is the best time for the couple to attend these classes? At 30-weeks gestation is closest to the time parents would be ready for such classes. Learning is facilitated by an interested pupil! The couple is most interested in childbirth toward the end of the pregnancy when they are psychologically ready for the termination of the pregnancy, and the birth of their child is an immediate concern. One hour after giving birth to an 8-pound infant, a client's lochia rubra has increased from small to large and her fundus is boggy despite massage. The client's pulse is 84 beats/minute and blood pressure is 156/96. The healthcare provider prescribes Methergine 0.2 mg IM × 1. What action should the nurse take immediately? Methergine is contraindicated for clients with elevated blood pressure, so the nurse should contact the healthcare provider and question the prescription (D). A client at 32-weeks gestation comes to the prenatal clinic with complaints of pedal edema, dyspnea, fatigue, and a moist cough. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask this client? Do you have a history of rheumatic fever? Clients with a history of rheumatic fever (D) may develop mitral valve prolapse, which increases the risk for cardiac decompensation due to the increased blood volume that occurs during pregnancy, so obtaining information about this client's health history is a priority. A primigravida at 40-weeks gestation is receiving oxytocin (Pitocin) to augment labor. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for during the infusion of Pitocin? Pitocin causes the uterine myofibril to contract, so unless the infusion is closely monitored, the client is at risk for hyperstimulation (B) which can lead to tetanic contractions, uterine rupture, and fetal distress or demise. A 35-year-old primigravida client with severe preeclampsia is receiving magnesium sulfate via continuous IV infusion. Which assessment data indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing magnesium sulfate toxicity? Urine output 90 ml/4 hours. Urine outputs of less than 100 ml/4 hours (D), absent DTRs, and a respiratory rate of less than 12 breaths/minute are cardinal signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity. The nurse is planning preconception care for a new female client. Which information should the nurse provide the client? Encourage healthy lifestyles for families desiring pregnancy. Planning for pregnancy begins with healthy lifestyles in the family (D) which is an intervention in preconception care that targets an overall goal for a client preparing for pregnancy. A multigravida client at 41-weeks gestation presents in the labor and delivery unit after a non-stress test indicated that the fetus is experiencing some difficulties in utero. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the client for additional information about fetal status? Biophysical profile (BPP). BPP (A) provides data regarding fetal risk surveillance by examining 5 areas: fetal breathing movements, fetal movements, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal tone and heart rate. A client at 28-weeks gestation calls the antepartal clinic and states that she is experiencing a small amount of vaginal bleeding which she describes as bright red. She further states that she is not experiencing any uterine contractions or abdominal pain. What instruction should the nurse provide? Come to the clinic today for an ultrasound. Third trimester painless bleeding is characteristic of a placenta previa. Bright red bleeding may be intermittent, occur in gushes, or be continuous. Rarely is the first incidence life-threatening, nor cause for hypovolemic shock. Diagnosis is confirmed by transabdominal ultrasound (A). An off-duty nurse finds a woman in a supermarket parking lot delivering an infant while her husband is screaming for someone to help his wife. Which intervention has the highest priority? Put the newborn to breast. Putting the newborn to breast (D) will help contract the uterus and prevent a postpartum hemorrhage--this intervention has the highest priority. The nurse is teaching care of the newborn to a group of prospective parents and describes the need for administering antibiotic ointment into the eyes of the newborn. Which infectious organism will this treatment prevent from harming the infant? Gonorrhea. Erythromycin ointment is instilled into the lower conjunctiva of each eye within 2 hours after birth to prevent ophthalmica neonatorum, an infection caused by gonorrhea, and inclusion conjunctivitis, an infection caused by chlamydia (C). In evaluating the respiratory effort of a one-hour-old infant using the Silverman-Anderson Index, the nurse determines the infant has synchronized chest and abdominal movement, just visible lower chest retractions, just visible xiphoid retractions, minimal and transient nasal flaring, and an expiratory grunt heard only on auscultation. What Silverman-Anderson score should the nurse assign to this infant? (Enter numeral value only.) A Silverman-Anderson Index has five categories with scores of 0, 1, or 2. The total score ranges from 0 to 10. Four of the these assessment findings should receive a score of 1, and the 5th finding (synchronized chest and abdominal movement) receives a score of 0. Therefore, the total score is 4. A total score of 0 means the infant has no dyspnea, a total score of 10 indicates maximum respiratory distress. A new mother asks the nurse, "How do I know that my daughter is getting enough breast milk?" Which explanation should the nurse provide? Your milk is sufficient if the baby is voiding pale straw-colored urine 6 to 10 times a day. The urine will be dilute (straw-colored) and frequent (>6 to 10 times/day) (B), if the infant is adequately hydrated. A client at 30-weeks gestation, complaining of pressure over the pubic area, is admitted for observation. She is contracting irregularly and demonstrates underlying uterine irritability. Vaginal examination reveals that her cervix is closed, thick, and high. Based on these data, which intervention should the nurse implement first? Obtain a specimen for urine analysis. Obtaining a urine analysis (C) should be done first because preterm clients with uterine irritability and contractions are often suffering from a urinary tract infection, and this should be ruled out first. A client who gave birth to a healthy 8 pound infant 3 hours ago is admitted to the postpartum unit. Which nursing plan is best in assisting this mother to bond with her newborn infant? Meet the mother's physical needs and demonstrate warmth toward the infant. It is most important to meet the mother's requirement for attention to her needs so that she can begin infant care-taking (D). The nurse identifies crepitus when examining the chest of a newborn who was delivered vaginally. Which further assessment should the nurse perform? Observe for an asymmetrical Moro (startle) reflex. The most common neonatal birth trauma due to a vaginal delivery is fracture of the clavicle. Although an infant may be asymptomatic, a fractured clavicle should be suspected if an infant has limited use of the affected arm, malposition of the arm, an asymmetric Moro reflex (B), crepitus over the clavicle, focal swelling or tenderness, or cries when the arm is moved. The nurse assesses a client admitted to the labor and delivery unit and obtains the following data: dark red vaginal bleeding, uterus slightly tense between contractions, BP 110/68, FHR 110 beats/minute, cervix 1 cm dilated and uneffaced. Based on these assessment findings, what intervention should the nurse implement? Monitor bleeding from IV sites. Monitoring bleeding from peripheral sites (C) is the priority intervention. This client is presenting with signs of placental abruption. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complication of placental abruptio, characterized by abnormal bleeding. In developing a teaching plan for expectant parents, the nurse plans to include information about when the parents can expect the infant's fontanels to close. The nurse bases the explanation on knowledge that for the normal newborn, the anterior fontanel closes at 12 to 18 months and the posterior by the end of the second month. In the normal infant the anterior fontanel closes at 12 to 18 months of age and the posterior fontanel by the end of the second month (D). The nurse is preparing a client with a term pregnancy who is in active labor for an amniotomy. What equipment should the nurse have available at the client's bedside? (NOTE -- Not a repeat, different choices offered) A sterile glove. Which nursing intervention is most helpful in relieving postpartum uterine contractions or "afterpains?" Lying prone with a pillow on the abdomen. Lying prone (A) keeps the fundus contracted and is especially useful with multiparas, who commonly experience afterpains due to lack of uterine tone. At 14-weeks gestation, a client arrives at the Emergency Center complaining of a dull pain in the right lower quadrant of her abdomen. The nurse obtains a blood sample and initiates an IV. Thirty minutes after admission, the client reports feeling a sharp abdominal pain and a shoulder pain. Assessment findings include diaphoresis, a heart rate of 120 beats/minute, and a blood pressure of 86/48. Which action should the nurse implement next? Increase IV rate. The client is demonstrating symptoms of blood loss, probably the result of an ectopic pregnancy, which occurs at approximately 14-weeks gestation when embryonic growth expands the fallopian tube causing its rupture, and can result in hemorrage and hypovolemic shock. Increasing the IV infusion rate (C) provides intravascular fluid to maintain blood pressure. A woman who gave birth 48 hours ago is bottle-feeding her infant. During assessment, the nurse determines that both breasts are swollen, warm, and tender upon palpation. What action should the nurse take? Apply cold compresses to both breasts for comfort. The client is experiencing engorgement even though she is bottle-feeding her infant, and cold compresses (A) may help reduce discomfort. Lactation begins about the third day after delivery, so the mother should avoid any breast stimulation, The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is 24 hours postpartum. The nurse explains to the client that her vaginal discharge will change from red to pink and then to white. The client asks, "What if I start having red bleeding after it changes?" What should the nurse instruct the client to do? Reduce activity level and notify the healthcare provider. Lochia should progress in stages from rubra (red) to serosa (pinkish) to alba (whitish), and not return to red. The return to rubra usually indicates subinvolution or infection. If such a sign occurs, the mother should notify the clinic/healthcare provider and reduce her activity to conserve energy (A). The total bilirubin level of a 36-hour, breastfeeding newborn is 14 mg/dl. Based on this finding, which intervention should the nurse implement? Encourage the mother to breastfeed frequently. The normal total bilirubin level is 6 to 12 mg/dl after Day 1 of life. This infant's bilirubin is beginning to climb and the infant should be monitored to prevent further complications. Breast milk provides calories and enhances GI motility, which will assist the bowel in eliminating bilirubin (C) A client receiving epidural anesthesia begins to experience nausea and becomes pale and clammy. What intervention should the nurse implement first? Raise the foot of the bed. These symptoms are suggestive of hypotension which is a side effect of epidural anesthesia. Raising the foot of the bed (A) will increase venous return and provide blood to the vital areas. Increasing the IV fluid rate using a balanced non-dextrose solution and ensuring that the client is in a lateral position are also appropriate interventions. Immediately after birth a newborn infant is suctioned, dried, and placed under a radiant warmer. The infant has spontaneous respirations and the nurse assesses an apical heart rate of 80 beats/minute and respirations of 20 breaths/minute. What action should the nurse perform next? Initiate positive pressure ventilation. The nurse should immediately begin positive pressure ventilation (A) because this infant's vital signs are not within the normal range, and oxygen deprivation leads to cardiac depression in infants. (The normal newborn pulse is 100 to 160 beats/minute and respirations are 40 to 60 breaths/minute.) Waiting until the infant is 1 minute old to intervene may worsen the infant's condition. According to neonatal resuscitation guidelines, CPR is not begun until the heart rate is 60 or below or between 60 and 80 and not increasing after 20 to 30 seconds of PPV. The nurse instructs a laboring client to use accelerated-blow breathing. The client begins to complain of tingling fingers and dizziness. What action should the nurse take? Have the client breathe into her cupped hands. Tingling fingers and dizziness are signs of hyperventilation (blowing off too much carbon dioxide). Hyperventilation is treated by retaining carbon dioxide. This can be facilitated by breathing into a paper bag or cupped hands (C) A 4-week-old premature infant has been receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen) for the last three weeks. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the drug is effective? Changes in apical heart rate from the 180s
to the 140s. A full term infant is transferred to the nursery from labor and delivery. Which information is most important for the nurse to receive when planning immediate care for the newborn? Infant's condition at birth and treatment received. When preparing a class on newborn care for expectant parents, what content should the nurse teach concerning the newborn infant born at term gestation? Vernix is a white, cheesy substance, predominantly located in the skin folds. 24 hrs after admission to the newborn nursery, a full-term male infant develops localized edema on the right side of his head. The nurse knows that in the newborn an accumulation of blood between the periosteum and skull which does not cross the suture line is a newborn variation known as a cephalhematoma, caused by forceps trauma and may last up to 8 wks An expectant father tells the nurse he fears that his wife "is losing her mind". He states she is constantly rubbing her abdomen and talking to the baby, and that she actually reprimands the baby when it moves too much. What recommendation should the nurse make to this expectant father? Let him know that these behaviors are part of normal maternal/fetal bonding which occur once the mother feels fetal movement A new mother who has just had her first baby says to the nurse, "I saw the baby in the recovery room. She sure has a funny looking head. "Which response by the nurse is best?" That is normal; the head will return to a round shape within 7-10 days Twenty minutes after a continuous epidural anesthetic is administered, a laboring client's bp drops from 120/80 to 90/60. What action should the nurse take? Place the woman in a lateral position. A pregnant client with mitral stenosis Class III is prescribed complete bedrest. The client asks the nurse, "Why must I stay in bed all the time/" Which response is best for the nurse to provide this client? Complete bedrest decreases oxygen needs and demands on the heart muscle tissue The nurse is assessing the umbilical cord of a newborn. Which finding is normal? Three vessels: 2 arteries and 1 vein Sets found in the same folderHESI OB Assignment quiz81 terms Angela_Peterson42 Evolve OB Exam Version B101 terms robin_lindsey HESI OB/MATERNITY Practice Quiz159 terms jadonbrit Hesi practice exam102 terms Alexis_Imburgia Other sets by this creatorCombined set of French Phrases 221 terms jjnewby French How old are you3 terms jjnewby French - what language do you speak5 terms jjnewby Combined set of French Phrases16 terms jjnewby Other Quizlet setsOB T3130 terms skykai01 Ch 16 Nursing management during the postpartum per…25 terms shphoto214PLUS Practice questions for Module 8 Exam89 terms Amy_Feathers OB - Skills 1st Exam - Ch. 2125 terms study_study_pass Related questionsQUESTION what are the characteristics for ideal contraceptions? 15 answers QUESTION What pattern does jaundice develop in? 10 answers QUESTION What hormones are involved in the estrus cycle? 6 answers QUESTION The nurse is measuring the fundal height of a woman who is 28 weeks' gestation. Which measurement would the nurse expect? 3 answers |
The nurse is preparing a client with a term pregnancy who is in active labor for an amniotomy
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