What do you call the is an interrelated set of components that function together to achieve an outcome?

oA system is a collection of interrelated components (subsystems) thatfunction together to achieve some outcome (e.g. biological system,computer system, social system)oAn information system is a collection of interrelated components thatcollect, process, store and provide as output the information needed tocomplete business tasks (e.g. payroll system)Characteristics of Systems-Systems are made up of interrelated subsystems (e.g. a nuclear reactor iscomposed of boilers, reactor components etc.)

-Functional decomposition – dividing a system into components based onsubsystems (which are in turn further divided into subsystems)-System boundary – the separation between a system and its environment (whereinputs and outputs cross)-Automation boundary – separation between the automated part of system andthe manual part‘Systems’ Thinking-Being able to identify something as a system-Involves being able to identify subsystems-Identifying system characteristics and functions-Identifying where the boundaries are (or should be)-Identifying inputs and outputs to systems-Identifying relationships among subsystemsTypes of Information Systems-Transaction processing systems (TPS)oCapture and record information about the transactions that affect theorganization (e.g. the sale of an item, a withdrawal from an ATM etc.)-Management Information Systems (MIS)oTake information captured by the transaction processing system andproduce reports management needs for planning and controlling business-Executive Information Systems (EIS)oProvide information for executives to use in strategic planning (could befrom organizational database, or outside sources like stock marketreports)-Decision Support Systems (DSS)oSupport human decision making and allows users to explore the potentialimpact of available options or decisions (e.g. can ask “what if”)oClosely related to “expert systems” or “knowledge-based” systemsRequired Skills of the Systems Analyst-Technical Knowledge and SkillsoComputers and how they work in generaloProgramming languagesoDevices that interact with computersoCommunications networksoDatabase and database management systemsoOperating systems and utilities-Tools: software products used to help develop analysis and design specificationsand completed system componentsoe.g. Microsoft Access, Integrated development environments, computer-supported system engineering (CASE) tools-Business Knowledge and SkillsoWhat activities and processes do organizations perform?

oHow are organizations structured?oHow are organizations managed?oWhat type of work (activity) is done in the organization? (e.g. hospital,bank etc.)oWho are the “actors” doing the activities-About the organization (e.g. company) the system analyst needs to know:oWhat the specific organization doesoWhat makes it successfuloWhat its strategies and plans areoWhat its tradition (“culture”) and values are-People Knowledge and SkillsoSingle most important interpersonal skill:

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What do you call of a group of interrelated components that function together to achieve a desired results?

What is the combination of interrelated elements to achieve a common objective?

What is called system?

Is a collection of interconnected components that collect process store and deliver the information needed to complete business tasks as production?