What factors contributed to economic globalization in the second half of the 20th century quizlet?

Global North:
1962: Began with Rachel Carson's "Silent Spring". Action came from the grass roots and citizen protest. Europe: "Limits to Growth", a report of resource exhaustion, was written. Western activists focused much attention to wilderness issues, opposing logging, road building, and other development efforts in remaining unspoiled areas.

Global south:
Environmentalism in developing countries was more locally based with fewer large national organizations than in the West. It involved poor people not middle class; it was less engaged in political lobbying; it was more concerned with issues of food, security, health, & survival rather than the protection of nature; & closely related to movements for social justice. So, environmental protest led to movements to challenge power structures and social classes.

• At the level of personal life, many people became more religiously observant, attending mosque, praying regularly, and fasting. Substantial numbers of women, many of them young, urban, and well educated, adopted modest Islamic dress and the veil quite voluntarily. Participation in Sufi mystical practices increased.
• Many governments sought to anchor themselves in Islamic rhetoric and practice.
• Across the Muslim world, renewal movements spawned organizations that operated legally to provide social services that the state offered inadequately or not at all. Islamic activists took leadership roles in unions and professional organizations of teachers, journalists, engineers, doctors, and lawyers. Such people embraced modern science and technology but sought to embed these elements of modernity within a distinctly Islamic culture.
• Some sought the violent overthrow of what they saw as compromised regimes in the Muslim world, succeeding in both Iran and Afghanistan.

• Islamic revolutionaries also took aim at hostile foreign powers, targeting Israel and, after the Soviet invasion of 1979, Afghanistan.
• Others sought to attack Western interests, defining the enemy not as Christianity itself or even Western civilization but as irreligious Western-style modernity, U.S. imperialism, and an American-led economic globalization.

Sets with similar terms

-capitalist victors from WWII were determined to avoid any return to such Depression-era conditions
-the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund laid the foundation for postwar globalization
-"Bretton Woods system" negotiated the rules for commercial and financial dealings among the major capitalist countries, while promoting relatively free trade, stable currency values linked to the US dollar, and high levels of capital investment
-technology contributed to the acceleration of economic globalization with containerized shipping, huge oil tankers, and air express services dramatically lowered transportation costs, and fiber-optic cables and the Internet provided the communication infrastructure for global economic interaction)
-population growth in developing countries
-neoliberalism favored free global movement of capital
-major capitalist countries abandoned many earlier political controls on economic activity (leaders and businesspeople viewed the entire world as a single market)
-favored the reduction of tariffs, the free global movement of capital, a mobile and temporary workforce, the privatization of many state-run enterprises, the curtailing of government efforts to regulate the economy, and both tax and spending cuts
-World Bank and IMF imposed free market and pro-business conditions on many poor countries if they were to qualify for much-needed loans
-collapse of the state-controlled economies of the communist world

-a militant piety (defensive, assertive, and exclusive)
-rejection of modernity was selective
-sought alternative modernity that was infused with particular religious values
-extensive educational and propaganda efforts, political mobilization of their followers, social welfare programs, and sometimes violence
-religious conservatives were outraged by critical and "scientific" approaches to the Bible, by Darwinism evolution, and by liberal versions of Christianity
-American Protestant fundamentalism came to oppose political liberalism and "big government", the sexual revolution on the 1960s, homosexuality and abortion rights, and secular humanism generally
-sought to separate themselves from the secular world with their own churches and schools
-Conservative Christians had emerged as a significant force in American political life well before the end of a century
-the Bharatiya Janata Party had much support from urban middle-class or upper-caste people who resented state's efforts to cater to the interests of Muslims, Sikhs, and the lower castes
-promoting a distinctly Hindu identity in education, culture, and religion

Sets with similar terms

Which of the following factors contributed to economic globalization during the twentieth century?

What factors drove economic globalization after ww2?

Why did globalization increase after ww2?

Which answer describes an impact of globalization in the twenty first century quizlet?