What is referred to as any paid and public presentation of products services or ideas by an identified sponsor through a medium?

16.

Is a means of communication with the users of a product or service. Advertisements are messages paid for by those who send them and are intended to inform or influence people who receive them. Learn more in: Social Advertisements and Recall

19.

“Any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas; goods or services by an identified sponsor” (Kotler & Armstrong, 2007 AU28: The in-text citation "Kotler & Armstrong, 2007" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. , p. 486). Learn more in: Advertising in the World of Social Media-Based Brand Communities

29.

In the most general terms, it is the promotion, transfer and persuasion of anything to the relevant target audience through mass media. The ultimate goal of the advertisement, is to persuade the consumer to buy something or to create a positive image or perception about the institution. Learn more in: A Study on the Prime Time Television Advertorial in India

Marketing is the revenue generating activity of a corporation.  As companies in the United States have increased their production capacity, many companies have found themselves with the capacity to produce more product than they can sell.  In such a surplus economy, marketing becomes very important to the success of the firm.  Marketing generally deals with all the activities that move the product from the producer to the consumer and includes such activities as:  product development, product design, market research, pricing, transportation, promotion, sales, advertising, public relations, and distribution.

With the development of surplus production capacity and surplus products, many companies have adopted what is called the marketing concept, which is to design products and services based on the needs, wants, and preferences of consumers.

Interest in marketing has expanded out of the business world into many non-business organizations.  Organizations and individuals such as charities, political candidates, art groups, hospitals and government agencies have incorporated marketing into their organizational activities.

In recent years, marketing has taken on strong quantitative orientations.  Statisticians, mathematicians, economists, and social scientists have been attracted to do research on marketing problems.

The definitions in this section are from the American Marketing Association’s Marketing definitions, as well as from several marketing text books and marketing reference books.

Michael D.Geurts
Professor of Marketing
Marriott School of Management
Brigham Young University
Provo, Utah

Kenneth D. Lawrence
Professor of Management and Marketing Science
School of Management
New Jersey Institute of Technology
Newark, NJ 07102

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ADOPTION PROCESS. The steps in a consumer’s decision-making process through which a product passes on its way to acceptance, i.e., awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption.

ADVERTISING.(1) Any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. It involves the use of such media as the following: Magazine and newspaper space, Motion pictures, Outdoor (posters, signs, skywriting,  etc.), Direct mail, Novelties (calendars, blotters, etc.), Radio and television, Cards (car, bus, etc.), Catalogues, Directories and references, Programs and menus, & Circulars. This list is intended to be illustrative, not inclusive.  (2) A non-personal sales presentation, set at a predetermined level, aimed at an audience within a specific period of time, and paid for by an identifiable sponsor. Comment: Advertising is generally but not necessarily carried on through mass media.  While the postal system is not technically considered a “paid” medium, material distributed by mail is definitely a form of presentation that is paid for by the sponsor. For kindred activities see “Publicity” and “Sales Promotion.”

ADVERTISING.  A non-personal sales presentation, set at a predetermined level, aimed at an audience within a specific period of time, and paid for by an identifiable sponsor.

ADVERTISING EVALUATION. A group of techniques designed to reveal the relative effectiveness of various advertising strategies and tactics in the light of competitive activity.  (See MARKETING RESEARCH.)

ALLOWANCES. Discounts that are given to final consumers, customers, or channel members for doing “something” or accepting less of “something.”

AREA SAMPLING. A market research survey technique which uses geography, such as blocks in a city, as the basis for selecting a random sample test population.

AUTOMATIC SELLING. The retail sale of goods or services through currency operated machines activated by the ultimate-consumer buyer.    Comment. Most, if not all, machines now used in automatic selling are coin operated. There are reports, however, of promising experiments with such devices that may be activated by paper currency; machines that provide change for a dollar bill are already on the market.  Some service stations are in operation which accept debit cards or credit cards.

AVAILABLE STOCK. Amount of finished product in inventory that has not been committed to cover orders which have been placed. 

AVERAGE COST. Obtained by dividing total cost by the related quantity (i.e., the total quantity which causes the total cost).

AVERAGE FIXED COST. A figure obtained by dividing total fixed costs by the associated quantity.

AVERAGE INVENTORY. In a simple inventory system, this is the sum of half the lot size plus reserve stock; or half the maximum number of units in stock. 

AVERAGE REVENUE. A figure obtained by dividing total revenue by the associated quantity.

AVERAGE VARIABLE COST. Total variable costs divided by the relevant quantity.

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What refers to the public promotion of a product or service through some form of media?

Advertising - A paid form of communication and promotion involving a product and its attributes.

What refers to the presentation of goods and services before the customers and pursuing them to buy?

Marketing is the process of bringing an idea, product or service in front of a buying audience. Marketing focuses on a customer's wants and needs so companies can identify who might purchase their product to attract those customers to the business.

What is identified sponsor in advertising?

Identified sponsors means whoever is putting out the ad tells the audience who they are. There are two reasons for this: first, it's a legal requirement, and second, it makes good sense. Legally, a sponsor must identify rherself as the sponsor of an ad.

Is a paid form of communication by an identified sponsor?

Paid form of non-personal promotion of ideas, goods and services by an identified sponsor is called advertising.