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Society the basics by John Macionis - Chapter 11 Sociology: Race and Ethnicity Terms in this set (34)race a socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important ethnicity a shared cultural heritage minority any category of people distinguished by physical or cultural difference that a society sets apart and subordinates prejudice a rigid and unfair generalization about an entire category of people. Prejudices are prejudgments Rooted in culture so everyone has some measure of prejudice stereotype An exaggerated description applied to every person in some category. Social Distance Scale Refers to how closely people are willing to interact with members of some category. Emory Bogardus Performed the Social Distance Scale study and found that people felt more socially distance from some categories than others. Racism the belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another.
Scapegoat theory Prejudice springs from frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged Scapegoat A person or category of people, typically with little power, whom other people unfairly blame for their own troubles Authoritarian personality theory Extreme prejudice is a personality trait of certain Culture theory Claims that although extreme prejudice is found in certain people, some prejudice is found in everyone. "Culture of Prejudice" Taught to view certain categories of people as "better" or "worse" than others Conflict theory Proposes that prejudice is used as a tool by powerful people to oppress others. discrimination Unequal treatment of various categories of people. Institutional Discrimination and Prejudice bias built into the operation of society's institutions pluralism A state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing U.S. not pluralistic for three reasons 1 - Although most of us value our cultural heritage, few people who live with others of their category do so entirely by choice
Segregation The physical and social separation of categories of people. It reinforces separation that harms a minority. It by "de jure segregation" - by law or "de facto segregation" - in fact. Assimilation The process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture. Hypersegregation Having little contact of any kind with people beyond the local community Miscegenation Biological reproduction by partners of different racial categories Genocide The systematic killing of one category of people by
another. U.S. Racial/Ethnic Groups • Native Americans Native Americans Refers to hundreds of societies who first settled the Western Hemisphere. White Anglo-Saxon Protestants Most are of English ancestry African Americans Slavery was foundation of southern colonies' plantation system. "American Dilemma" Democratic society's denial of basic rights and freedoms to an entire category of people Resolution of the dilemma African Americans defined as naturally inferior and undeserving of equality. Asian Amrican • Category marked by enormous cultural diversity. Chinese Americans • Immigration began in 1849 with the gold rush Cultural Relativism The practice of judging a culture by its own standards. Ethnic Group A group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns. Sets with similar termsSociology Chapter 11 - Race and Ethnicity32 terms hullokittyy Sociology Chapter 11 - Race and Ethnicity32 terms allmac Chapter 11: Race and Ethnicity43 terms dmoone3 Sociology Chapter 1122 terms minuhh Sets found in the same folderSociety Chapter 12: Economics and Politics32 terms award2203 Sociology Chapter 6 Sexuality and Society27 terms megan856 Sociology Chapter 1 - Perspective, Theor…60 terms allmac Sociology Chapter 13 - Family & Religion63 terms cherie9221 Other sets by this creatorPathophysiology Test 2-GSON74 terms megan856 CJ Realities and Challenges: Chapter 1115 terms megan856 CJ Realities and Challenges: Chapter 1324 terms megan856 CJ System Exam #350 terms megan856 Other Quizlet setsGammill Cassie 2nd hour History SG 231 terms CASSANDRA_GAMMILL Soft Tissue Mobilization26 terms manguinoge Macro test 1, Macro Test 2, Macro test 3…318 terms Lizzie_Hamrick_1104 Managerial Test25 terms marissaguest Related questionsQUESTION Which term represents groups of people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who are objects of discrimination? 3 answers QUESTION 1. According to Brodkin, how did U.S. state government policies reconfigure the category of whiteness? Which groups of immigrants benefited from this shift? (pp. 31-33) 2 answers QUESTION Ike argues that HIV -infected people earned their disease as a penalty for their perverse behaviors. Ike is attributing HIV/AIDS to: 3 answers QUESTION 4. Why is white privilege often described as an invisible knapsack? 4 answers What term refers to a belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another quizlet?racism. the belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another. scapegoat. a person or category of people, typically with little power, whom other people unfairly blame for their own troubles. discrimination.
What are beliefs that one's ethnic group is inherently superior to other groups called?Sociology. the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture. a tendency to view other ethnic or cultural groups from the perspective of one's own.
What is ethnicity in sociology?What Is Ethnicity? Ethnicity is a term that describes shared culture—the practices, values, and beliefs of a group. This might include shared language, religion, and traditions, among other commonalities. Like race, the term “ethnicity” is difficult to describe and its meaning has changed over time.
What is race in social stratification?Racial stratification is a system of structured inequality, where access to scarce and desired resources is based on ethnic/racial group membership. Racial stratification assigns roles and functions to individuals based on their ethnic-racial group membership3.
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What term refers to a belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another?
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