Which of the following describes how the Mexican president is elected quizlet?

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1. Social Science
2. Political Science
3. Comparative Politics

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Identify the political party of a Mexican president elected in the last twenty years. Describe the electoral system used to select Mexico's president. Identify one electoral reform and explain why this reform made Mexico's presidential elections more competitive.

Felipe Calderon was part of the National Action Party. The electoral system used is plurality. One reform is a one term limit, which makes elections more fair.

Identify the country studied in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course that limits the chief executive to one term. Describe how a one-term limit can be an advantage for a political system. Describe how a one-term limit can be a disadvantage for a political system.

Mexico limits the chief executive to one term. This is an advantage because this provides opportunity for new ideas, policies, or goals. A disadvantage is that it leads to poorly designed policy.

Globalization has both political and economic consequences. Define economic globalization. Describe one policy response of the Mexican government to economic globalization. Describe one organized response of Mexican citizens to economic globalization.

extensive system of global international trade and economic relations.
Participation in NAFTA
Liberalization of the economy and adoption of neoliberal and privatization policies

Define political ideology. Identify one political party that participated in the 2006 presidential elections in Mexico and describe one central element of its political ideology.

A set of values and beliefs about the goals of government, public policy, or politics.
PAN (National Action Party)
PAN: Conservative, socially conservative. Party of business interests and Catholic interests and values. Promotes laissez-faire economic policies and giving more power to regional governments

(a) Identify a function of a legislature that is common to both democratic and authoritarian regimes.
(b) Explain how a function of a legislature can strengthen democracy.
(c) Describe two ways a legislature can be controlled in an authoritarian regime.
(d) Explain why authoritarian regimes maintain legislatures.

(a)Passing laws or budgets
(b)Restricts power of executive
(c)Controls election results and appoints representatives
(d)To maintain political legitimacy

(a) Define economic liberalization.
(b) Describe the actions governments take in pursuing a policy of economic liberalization regarding TWO of the
following:
Subsidies
Tariffs
Ownership of companies and firms
Foreign direct investment
(c) Identify one international organization that promotes economic liberalization.
(d) Explain one reason for pursuing economic liberalization.
(e) Explain one reason for resisting economic liberalization.

(a)Economic liberalization involves the reduction of state intervention in the economy.
Move to free market policies
(b)An acceptable description of subsidies is: Governments reduce or eliminate subsidies. An acceptable description of tariffs is: Governments reduce or eliminate tariffs.
C - World Trade Organization (WTO)
(d) A diversified economy
(e) Widening income inequality.

(a) Describe the process used in a parliamentary system for the selection of the chief executive.
(b) Contrast the process you described in part (a) with the process used in a presidential system for the selection of the chief executive.
(c) Describe the process used in a parliamentary system for removing the chief executive.
(d) Contrast the removal process you described in part (c) with the process used in a presidential system for removing the chief executive.
(e) Other than the removal process, describe a check on executive power within a parliamentary system

(a)The head of the majority party becomes prime minister. If no majority exists, the largest minority party usually names the prime minister in a coalition government.
(b)The people elect the president.
(c Legislature gives vote of no confidence
(d) legislature removes president.
(e)Cabinet resignation

(a) Describe one similarity and one difference between illiberal democracy and liberal democracy.
(b) Identify an institution that would need to be changed to make an illiberal democracy more liberal.
(c) Describe a change to the institution you identified in (b) that would facilitate a shift from illiberal to
liberal democracy.
(d) Explain why the change you described in part (c) would lead to a more liberal democracy.

(a)Liberal and illiberal democracies are similar because they bothhave regular competitive elections.
Illiberal and liberal democracies are different in that the elections in illiberal democracies are generally not free and not fair, and may not be competitive, whereas those in liberal democracies are generally free, fair, and competitive.
(b)Judiciary
(c Judicial independence
(d) Rule of law - increases accountability

(a) Identify and explain the type of electoral system that tends to create a multiparty system.
(b) Identify and explain the type of electoral system that tends to create a two-party system.
(c) Describe one reason that a one-party system might emerge.
(d) Explain one advantage each of multiparty, two-party and one-party systems in a multiethnic society

A. Proportional representation tends to create a multiparty system, where the party gets the proportion of votes captured
B. first past the post tens to create a two-party system, where majority wins.
C. a one party system might emerge due to the rise of a charismatic leader.
D. an advantage of a multiparty system is it provides greater representation for more ethnic groups. an advantage of a two-party system is that it simplifies voter's decisions, and a one party system unites different ethnicities into one group.

(a) Define bicameralism.
(b) Identify one of the six countries in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course that has a bicameral legislature
(c) Explain why a federal democracy is likely to have a bicameral legislature.
(d) Provide one reason for a bicameral national legislature.
(e) Describe two implications of federalism for the policy-making process

A. bicameralism is a legislature with two houses
B. United Kingdom
C. to ensure that both regions and individuals have representation.
D. To represent different classes.
E. Greater legitimacy and broader representation.

(a) Identify Mexico's historically dominant party, and identify the type of party system Mexico currently has.
(b) Describe two reforms since 1980 that facilitated Mexico's transition away from a dominant party system.
(c) Identify Russia's current dominant party.
(d) Describe two reforms since 2000 that allowed Russia to establish a dominant party system.
(e) Explain how a dominant party system can promote political legitimacy.
(f) Explain how a dominant party system can hinder political legitimacy.

A. The dominant party is PRI and Mexico has a multiparty system.
B. Establishment of the IFE and more autonomy and strength for the IFE
C. United Russia
D. Creating unequal access to the media and raising registration requirements for the parties.
E. Promotes stability
F. Encourages corruption

(a) Define a unitary system
(b) Describe how Great Britain has decentralized power since 1997.
(c) Define federalism.
(d) Explain how Mexico's political system limited the decentralization of power prior to 2000
(e) Explain one advantage of decentralization for public policy. Explain one disadvantage of decentralization for public policy.

A. Political power remains in the central government and local governments have no constitutional status
B. Great Britain has devolved power to Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and London
C. Central and subnational governments share power.
D. The president was very powerful, most governors came from his party and did the presidents bidding.
E. An advantage is that it allows for policy innovation at the local level, a disadvantage is that it leads to corruption at the local level.

(a) Describe the general pattern of internal migration within Mexico. Describe the general pattern of internal migration within China
(b) Describe one economic policy that prompted the migration in Mexico. Describe one economic policy that prompted the migration in China
(c) Describe a political consequence of the migration in Mexico. Describe a political consequence of the migration in China.
(d) Compare how the governments of both China and Mexico have responded to these migration pressures

A. For mexico, rural to Urban. For China, also rural to urban.
B. For Mexico, NAFTA allowed for a range of economic liberalization policies to emerge. For China, shifting emphasis for agriculture to industry.
C. For Mexico, the weakening of the PRI. For China, loss of legitimacy.
D. China reduced social benefits for migrants, and Mexico untargeted poverty reduction policies

(a) Define civil liberties. Explain the difference between political rights and civil liberties.
(b) Describe one example of how political rights have declined in Russia between 1995 and 2013. Describe one example of how civil liberties have declined in Russia between 1995 and 2013.
(c) Describe one example of how political rights have increased in Mexico between 1995 and 2013. Describe one example of how civil liberties have increased in Mexico between 1995 and 2013.
(d) Using the descriptions you provided in parts (b) and (c), assess the regime type in Mexico in 2013 and the regime type in Russia in 2013.

A. Freedoms such as speech, press, religion. They differ because the government may protect political rights.
B. Political rights have declined due to less competition in elections. Civil liberties have declined due to increased oversight of non governmental organizations.
C. Political rights have increased due to less electoral fraud. civil liberties have increased due to more press freedom.
D. Mexico is a developing democracy, Russia is a hybrid regime

(a) Describe Russia's electoral system before the 2007 Duma elections. Explain how the electoral system shaped the pre-2007 Russian party system.
(b) Describe a specific change to the Russian electoral system that was designed for the 2007 Duma elections and explain its impact on party competition.
(c) Describe Mexico's current electoral system
(d) Describe one electoral reform made in Mexico in the 1990s and explain how that reform affected Mexico's party system

A. Before the 2007 Duma elections, it was half first past the post and half proportional representation. The electoral system shaped Russia by allowing multiparty systems to develop
B. The party became only proportional representation, which decreased the diversity of political points in the Duma.
C. Dual system of both first past the post and proportional representation
D. Priests were legally allowed to cast votes

(a) Define economic liberalization and define political liberalization
(b) Describe one economic liberalization policy pursued in Mexico since 1985 and one economic liberalization policy pursued in Russia since 1991.
(c) Describe one political liberalization policy undertaken in Mexico since 1985 and one political liberalization policy undertaken in Russia since 1991.
(d) Compare one consequence of economic liberalization on social class in Mexico with one consequence of economic liberalization on social class in Russia.

A. Economic liberalization is reducing government intervention in the economy. Political liberalization is increasing citizens rights and liberties.
B. In Mexico, the privatization of banks. In Russia, shock therapy.
C. In Mexico, voter ID cards. In Russia, disbanding the KGB.
D. Growing gap between the rich and poor in both countries.

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