Show The appropriate option is D. D. Product layouts are rigid and complex to modify to necessary modifications, particularly those in the product. There is no volume and design flexibility in product layouts. So, the option is correct as this layout type is not flexible to changes. A. The Product layout is used when the products produced are standardized and will be manufactured in big quantities. Product design can quickly produce a huge number of items. So,
the option is incorrect as in this type of layout the rate of output is high. B. The utilization of personnel and equipment is very high. The cost and duration of training are lowered as a result of labor specialization. Therefore, the option is not correct. C. Because of the large volume, the unit cost is relatively low. A broader range of monitoring also lowers labor costs. So, in accordance with the production costs, the product layout has low variable costs and high fixed costs. Hence, the option is not suitable. E. The option is not relevant as one of the given options is only suitable. As other options are not correct, so the option all are common to the layout is incorrect. 49. Which of the following is not a process commonly considered in making products or delivering services? A. continuousB. batchC. repetitiveD. job shopE. subcontracting 50. The type of processing system which is used for highly standardized products is: A. continuousB. intermittentC. projectD. batch E. unit 51. Cellular layout is a term associated with: A. wireless telecommunicationB. part familiesC. functional (or process) layoutsD. assembly lines E. job shops 52. The substitution of machinery that has sensing and control devices for human labor is best described by the term:A. automationB. feedback controlC. computer-aided manufacturingD. computer-integrated manufacturing E. flexible manufacturing system 53. Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) refers to the use of computers in: A. product designB. decision makingC. data analysisD. quality control E. process control 54. A group of machines including supervisory computer control, automatic material handling, and possibly robots is called:A. computer aided designB. a manufacturing cellC. computer-aided manufacturingD. computer-integrated manufacturing E. a flexible manufacturing system E. a flexible manufacturing system 55. In which type of operations are you likely to see, at most, only minor variations in the product or service being produced using the same process and the same equipment?A. a projectB. a job shopC. repetitive production D. batch processingE. continuous production 56. The process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements is called:A. fair employment practicesB. idle time analysisC. line balancingD. cycle time optimization E. none of the above 57. An operations strategy for process selection should recognize that: A. process selection seldom requires technical expertiseB. engineering "white elephants" are uncommonC. there is little need to manage technologyD. flexibility is not always the best choiceE. most technical skills can be contracted out to consultants D. flexibility is not always the best choice 58. Layout planning is required because of: (I) Efficient operations(II) Accidents or safety hazards(III) New products or services(IV) Morale problems A. I and IIB. II and IVC. I and IIID. II, III, and IV E. I, II, III, and IV 59. The advantages of automation include:(I) Reduced output variability.(II) Reduced variable costs.(III) Machines don't strike or file grievances.(IV) Machines are always less expensive than human labor. A. I and IVB. II and III C. I, II, and III D. I and IIIE. II and IV 60. The benefits of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) include: A. reduced labor costsB. higher flexibility than automationC. quick changeover from part to partD. significantly lower unit costs E. all of the above D. significantly lower unit costs 61. Which type of processing system tends to produce the most product variety? A. AssemblyB. Job-ShopC. BatchD. Continuous E. Project 62. In which type of processing system would gasoline be produced from crude oil? A. Job ShopB. BatchC. AssemblyD. Continuous E. Project 63. Which of the following is not a characteristic of layout decisions in system design? A. substantial investment of both money and effortB. long-term commitmentC. significant impact on short-term efficiencyD. usually well-received by operative personnel E. all of the above D. usually well-received by operative personnel 64. An example of automated services is A. on-line bankingB. build your own pizzaC. haircutsD. massage parlorsE. all are examples of automated services 65. Which one of the following is not common to product layouts? A. a high rate of outputB. specialization of laborC. low unit costsD. ability to adjust to changes in demand E. all are common D. ability to adjust to changes in demand 66. Which one of the following is not considered an important factor in service layout design? A. cost minimization and product flowB. frequency of ordersC. customer attitude and imageD. all are important E. none are important A. cost minimization and product flow 67. The type of layout which features departments or other functional groupings in which similar activities are performed is:A. processB. productC. fixed-position D. massE. unit 68. Which of the following is not true about process layouts when they are compared to product layouts? A. higher in-process inventoriesB. lower span of supervisionC. lower rates of outputD. more involved cost accounting E. lower unit costs 69. The type of layout in which workers, materials, and equipment are moved to the product as needed is: A. processB. productC. fixed-positionD. batch E. mass 70. The grouping of equipment by the operations needed to perform similar work for part families is: A. product layoutB. cellular manufacturing layoutC. functional layoutD. fixed-position layout E. process layout B. cellular manufacturing layout 71. Which term is most closely associated with cellular manufacturing? A. part familiesB. assembly lineC. roboticsD. CAD E. CAM 72. Laser technology used in surgical procedures is an example of technological advances in: A. ProductB. ServiceC. ProcessD. InformationE. Reverse Engineering 73. Product profiling links key product or service requirements to: A. Market conditionsB. Order sizesC. Pricing strategiesD. Schedule changes E. Process capabilities 74. Layout design has many objectives, one of which is ______. A. reduce bottlenecksB. move materials and workers simultaneouslyC. use workers and space efficientlyD. hold material handling costs to 27% or less E. install computer terminals every 500 feet C. use workers and space efficiently 75. Which phrase most closely describes flexible manufacturing systems? A. a variation of CADB. a more fully automated version of cellular manufacturingC. manufacturing resource planningD. a process layout with a manufacturing overlayE. an approach that allows workers to begin work at a time of their choosing B. a more fully automated version of cellular manufacturing 76. A service organization (for example, a hospital) is likely to use a ________ layout because of variability in customer processing requirements.A. projectB. processC. flowD. assemblyE. non-repetitive 77. In a product layout, the task of deciding how to assign work to specific stations is referred to as: A. process balancingB. task allocationC. line balancingD. work allocation E. station balancing 78. The minimum possible cycle time in a product layout is determined by the: A. longest task timeB. shortest task timeC. average task timeD. total task timeE. none of the above 79. A production line is to be designed for a job with three tasks. The task times are 0.4 minutes, 1.2 minutes, and 0.5 minutes. The maximum cycle time in minutes is:A. 0.3B. 0.7C. 1.4 D. 2.1 E. 0.8 80. A production line is to be designed for a job with three tasks. The task times are 0.3 minutes, 1.4 minutes, and 0.7 minutes. The minimum cycle time in minutes is:A. 0.3B. 0.7C. 1.4 D. 2.4 E. 0.8 81. Daily capacity of a product layout is determined by: A. cycle time divided by operating timeB. operating time divided by cycle timeC. operating time divided by total task timeD. total task time divided by cycle time E. cycle time divided by total task time B. operating time divided by cycle time 82. The maximum allowable cycle time is computed as:A. daily operating time divided by the desired outputB. desired output divided by the daily operating timeC. daily operating time divided by the product of the desired output and the sum of job times D. the product of desired output and the sum of job times divided by daily operating timeE. 1.00 minus station time A. daily operating time divided by the desired output 83. If a line is balanced with 80 percent efficiency, the "balance delay" would be: A. 20 percentB. 80 percentC. 100 percentD. unknown, since balance delay isn't related to efficiency E. depends on the next operation 84. The main issue in the design of process layouts for service operations concerns the relative positioning of: A. workstations.B. processing components.C. departments.D. entrances, loading docks, etc. E. manufacturing cells. 85. Which of the following is not an information requirement for the design of a process layout? A. a list of departments or work centersB. a projection of work flows between the work centersC. the distance between locationsD. the cost per unit of distance to move loadsE. a list of product cycle times for every product manufactured E. a list of product cycle times for every product manufactured 86. Which of the following is not an approach that companies use to achieve a smooth flow of production? A. line balancing heuristicsB. parallel workstationsC. dynamic line balancing (Cross train workers)D. mixed model lineE. Companies use all of these. E. Companies use all of these. 87. A common goal in designing process layouts is: A. minimizing the number of workersB. minimizing idle timeC. minimizing transportation costsD. maximizing work-station productive time E. maximizing transportation distances C. minimizing transportation costs 88. In the use of closeness ratings for process layouts, the code "U" means the closeness between two departments is:A. (U)nknownB. (U)nusually importantC. of (U)sual importance D. (U)nimportantE. (U)ndesirable 89. Which closeness rating reflects the undesirability of having two departments located near each other? A. AB. EC. ID. U E. X 90. Which closeness rating reflects the highest importance for two departments being close to each other? A. AB. EC. ID. U E. X 91. Which closeness rating reflects indifference on the nearness or lack of nearness of two departments? A. AB. EC. ID. U E. X 92. Heuristic rules are used primarily in which of these types of layouts? (I) Product(II) Process(III) Fixed-positionA. IB. IIC. I and III D. I and II E. II and III 93. Heuristic rules are usually applied when:A. an optimum is necessaryB. a computer program isn't availableC. a problem has a small number of alternatives D. a problem has a large number of alternatives E. other approaches have failed D. a problem has a large number of alternatives 94. An advantage of a U-shaped production line is that it: A. is more compact.B. permits better communication among employees.C. facilitates teamwork among workers.D. increases flexibility of work assignments. E. all of the above 95. Which of these items would be most likely to be made with a fixed position layout? A. a Boeing 777 jet aircraftB. applesauceC. a computer chipD. toothpaste E. all of these A. a Boeing 777 jet aircraft 96. A product focused, single piece flow, pull production system would be called a: A. cellular layoutB. job shopC. assembly lineD. non-repetitive process E. continuous flow 97. Which one of these is a tool used to tell a machine the details of the operations to be performed? A. CNCB. CIMC. CADD. CAME. automation 98. Which of the following is a primary concern for process selection? A. variety in products/servicesB. flexibility of equipmentC. volume of outputD. all of the above E. none of the above Which one of the following is not common to product layout?Which one of the following is not common to product layouts? Product layouts are not flexible with respect to volume.
Which of the following is not true about process layouts when they are compared to product layouts?Which of the following is not true about process layouts when they are compared to product layouts? Process layouts are not inherently more efficient that product layouts.
Which of the following is true about process layouts when they are compared to product layouts?Process layouts tend to have lower in-process inventories, and higher equipment utilization rates than product layouts.
What are the three basic process types?There are three basic process types - Input, Processing and Output.
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of layout decisions in system design?
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