BackgroundThe Gestalt psychologists, especially Max Wertheimer, developed a number of “laws” that predict how perceptual grouping occurs under a variety of circumstances (Wertheimer, 1923/1938). Technically, in sciences, laws are predictions that are true. In reality, these laws are better classified as principles, which are true most of the time. However, the term law has stuck with these principles because they were established so long ago. So we will continue to refer to them as laws, even though technically they are not scientific laws. Show The Law of Closure is the gestalt law that states that if there is a break in the object, we perceive the object as continuing in a smooth pattern. For example, in the circle below, we tend to see a complete circle with something over top of it. We like to see as simple of a figure as possible.  Use this activity to explore how the Law of Closure operates. InstructionsFull Screen ModeTo see the illustration in full screen, which is recommended, press the Full Screen button, which appears at the top of the page. Illustration TabSettingsBelow is a list of the ways that you can alter the illustration. The settings include the following: Stimulus Type:
choose whether you are using a square or a circle. ResetPressing this button restores the settings to their default values. By Gemma Penson - Computer Science Student @ Trinity Hall, Cambridge Developed by German psychologists, the Gestalt laws describe how humans perceive the world around them through a psychological process known as perceptual organisation. In this process, the human mind will group stimuli
(objects) into comprehensible patterns in order to readily determine their meaning, which explains why you read a sentence like this, notli ket his! When creating user-computer interfaces, it’s important that design teams harness psychology principles such as The Gestalt Laws in order to appeal directly to human instinct. This is because the user’s perceptual processes will otherwise impose its own structure on the display and it may be
one that the designers didn’t want! The first of The Gestalt Laws is known as the Figure-Ground relationship which states that humans are able to visually separate objects on different layers of focus due to the brain’s processing of negative space. In general, you’ll intuitively perceive the larger, lighter areas of an image as the (back)ground and the darker, lighter areas as the figure. Take the following optical illusion, for
example: Most humans will perceive the two faces in the left image and the vase in the right image first. Interface designers will often use this phenomenon in order to highlight focus points by using semi-transparent overlays, shadows or by blurring the elements in the background: The second law is that of proximity, which refers to how close elements are to one another. Grouping subjects into a small area will create the perception of grouping or, by putting whitespace between subjects, you can create separation even when the other subject characteristics are the same. Designers will therefore use whitespace to create proximity relationships that make digital content more comfortable to perceive. Take these identical circles, for example: Another way designers can create groupings is through the law of similarity. This law states that subjects that have a similar visual appearance, including their colour, size and shape, will seem more related. You’ll probably see the groupings of these coloured circles as rows: One of the most common-knowledge Gestalt laws is that of symmetry, because who doesn’t love symmetry! Humans are instinctively attracted to symmetry as it creates the impression of stability and order whilst also simplifying the perception process of objects. A symmetrical navigation menu, for example, tends to be better perceived than an asymmetrical one. On the flip side, one of the most unknown Gestalt laws is that of continuity. When viewing a series of lines, the human eye has a tendency to follow the smoothest path regardless of how many lines there are. Any objects that reside along this path are intuitively viewed as being related or grouped. This continuation is a valuable tool when guiding the user’s sight in a certain direction. This could be done, for example, with a horizontal slider for which the human eye will naturally be drawn from one item to the next. The last Gestalt rule is that of closure. This rule explains that the human brain has a tendency to ignore contradictory information and instead fill in information gaps in order to create a whole. You’ll still be able to perceive the following shapes despite them being incomplete: Every time you design a loading indicator or a progress bar, remember the law of closure! As we’ve seen, you’ll need to not only learn about, but also exploit, cognitive processes in order to create seamless, comfortable and aesthetically pleasing user interfaces. Further reading:
Which of the following laws states that we tend to fill gaps in the figures as we perceive them?Law of Closure
Gestalt psychologists believe that the brain tends to perceive forms and figures in their complete appearance despite the absence of one or more of their parts, either hidden or totally absent. This refers to the law of closure.
What are the laws of perception?The Law of Perception says that in the battle between products, perception is more important than reality. People tend to think that the best product will win.
What is the law of closure?The law of Closure refers to our tendency to complete an incomplete shape in order to rationalize the whole. The law of Common Fate observes that when objects point in the same direction, we see them as a related group.
What are the 5 gestalt laws?Gestalt principles are the different ways individuals group stimuli together in order to make a whole that makes sense to them. These principles are divided up into five categories: proximity, similarity, continuity, connectedness, and closure.
|
Which of the following law states that we tend to fill the gaps in figures as we perceive them?
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 paraquee Inc.
