New Netherland was the first Dutch colony in North America. It extended from Albany, New York, in the north to Delaware in the south and encompassed parts of what are now the states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Connecticut, and Delaware. Show
The Dutch claim to this territory derived from their sponsorship of Henry Hudson's voyages of exploration. In 1609, Hudson and his crew sailed the ship de Halve Maen (the Half Moon) from the Delaware Bay up to the river now named for Hudson. Upon his return to the Netherlands, Hudson described what he had found: a magnificent harbor, wide navigable rivers, and a land rich in natural resources. The commercial possibilities of New Netherland attracted considerable interest during the era known as the Dutch Golden Age, when the newly independent United Provinces of the Netherlands became Europe's leading commercial power and Amsterdam its preeminent trading city. Soon after Hudson's report was made public, merchants and investors started sponsoring speculative voyages to the new colony. In 1621, the Dutch government chartered the West India Company with the goal both of bringing order to economic activity in New Netherland and of challenging Spanish influence in the New World. Colonists arrived in New Netherland from all over Europe. Many fled religious persecution, war, or natural disaster. Others were lured by the promise of fertile farmland, vast forests, and a lucrative trade in fur. Initially, beaver pelts purchased from local Indians were the colony's primary source of wealth. In Europe, these pelts were used to produce fashionable men's hats. Over time, the Dutch colony's economy broadened and diversified. It became an entrepôt for Chesapeake tobacco and a hub of trade between New England and the Caribbean. New Netherland developed into a culturally diverse and politically robust settlement. This diversity was fostered by Dutch respect for freedom of conscience. Furthermore, under Dutch rule, women enjoyed legal, civil, and economic rights denied their British counterparts in New England and Virginia. Towns within New Netherland were granted the protections and privileges of self-government. New Amsterdam, thus, became the first European-style chartered city in the thirteen original colonies that would comprise the United States. Dutch success produced many rivals, the English chief among them. Between 1652 and 1674, the two nations fought three wars. As a consequence of these wars, New Netherland came under British control in 1664. Despite this transfer of power, Dutch influence remained strong in the former New Netherland, throughout the seventeenth century and beyond; many parts of the colony remained culturally Dutch up to and beyond the American Revolution. Last Updated: February 7, 2022 1. Have students read about how Dutch colonists in New Netherland affected the Native Americans who already lived there.
2. Introduce the terms cultural markers and cultural
diffusion. 3. Show students the video segment “New Amsterdam, Diversity and Opportunity.”
Have students do a word association activity. Write multicultural, melting pot, and middle class on the board. Ask students to brainstorm words and phrases that describe a culture with those descriptors. Prompt them to include answers such as: opportunity, diversity, tolerance, and educated. 4. Introduce and show the video segment “Dutch Cultural Transition.”
Informal AssessmentHave students work independently to write definitions of terms cultural markers and cultural diffusion, and give examples of each from the 17th century and today. Subjects & Disciplines
Learning ObjectivesStudents will:
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Skills SummaryThis activity targets the following skills:
Connections to National Standards, Principles, and PracticesNational Geography Standards
National Standards for History
What You’ll NeedMaterials You Provide
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Background InformationThe heritage of the United States includes an influential 17th century Dutch colony. Dutch history in America is only now being rediscovered as historians translate thousands of documents from 17th century Dutch to English. What those documents reveal is that the diversity of the United States today has origins in a Dutch past. Vocabularycolony Noun people and land separated by distance or culture from the government that controls them. cultural diffusion Noun the spread of cultural characteristics from one culture to another. cultural landscape Noun human imprint on the physical environment. cultural marker Noun unique characteristic of a community. Noun learned behavior of people, including their languages, belief systems, social structures, institutions, and material goods. diversity Noun difference. ethnic Adjective having to do with characteristics of a group of people linked by shared culture, language, national origin, or other marker. Interactives
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How did the English gain possession of the Dutch colony of New Netherland?The Dutch gave up the colony without a fight.
The breaking point came in March 1664, when English King Charles II awarded the colony's land to his brother, the Duke of York, even though the two countries were then technically at peace.
How did the wealthiest families benefit from England gaining control of New Netherland quizlet?How did the wealthiest families benefit from England gaining control of New Netherland? These families controlled millions of acres in New York.
How did the English conquest of New Netherland affect freedom in the colony quizlet?How did the English conquest of New Netherland affect freedom in the colony? The Charter of Liberties and Privileges established an elections process and reaffirmed traditional English rights such as trial by jury and security of property.
When England gain control of New York from the Dutch what happened to African Americans?When England gained control of New York from the Dutch, what happened to African-Americans? Free blacks lost employment opportunities in skilled jobs.
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Which of the following was a goal for the English in gaining New Amsterdam and New Netherland from the Dutch?
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