Which one of the following cranial projections will best demonstrate a possible basilar fracture?

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Chapter12 Bontegar
Which one of the following cranial projection will best demonstrate a possible basilar fracture?
Which cranial bone contains the foramen ovale quizlet?
Which cranial projection best demonstrates the frontal bone?
Which of the following projections is best used to evaluate the nasal septum?

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Chapter12 Bontegar

Question	Answer
Which bone is part of the floor of the cranium	Temporal
How many bones make up the facial region	14
Which bony landmark represents the highest level of the facial bone mass	Orbital Plates
The widest portion of the cranium is found at the level of the	Parietal Tubercles
What is the name of the joint found between the lateral condylar processes of the skull and the atlas of C1	Atlanto-Occipital Joint
Which cranial bone articulates with all the other cranial bones	Sphenoid
The slight depression above each eyebrow	SOG- Supraorbital Groove
The following cranial bones articulate with the parietal bone	Frontal, Shpenoid, Occipatal
The left mastoid fontanel becomes the _____ in an adult	Left Asterion
There are a total of _____ fontanels in an infant	Six
The frontal bone articulates with _____ cranial bones	Four
What landmark corresponds with the leval of the petrous ridge	TEA- Top of Ear Attachment
The pituitary gland(hypophysis cerebri) is associated with and protected by the	Sphenoid Bone
Which cranial bone contains the foramen ovale	Sphenoid
Which cranial bone contains teh cribriform plate	Ethmoid
Which suture seperates the parietal from the occipital bone	Lambdoidal
Which term describes the anterior fontanel found in the adult skull	Bregma
Which term describes the small irregular bones occasionally found in the sutures	Wormian
The ethmoid notch is part of which cranial bone	frontal
Which of the fontanels is the last to close at about 18 months of age	Anterior
An average-shaped skull with a 47 degree angle between the petrous pyramids and the midsagittal plane classified as	Mesocephalic
An axiolateral oblique porjection(Law Method) for the temporomandibular joints on a brachycephalic type of skull would require _____ rotation as compared with an average-shaped skull	More
Which term describes the small flap of cartilage covering the opening to the ear	Tragus
What is teh difference, in degrees, between the infraorbitomeatal and orbitomeatal line	7-8 degrees
Which technical consideration is most critical for demonstrating air and/or fluid levels within the cranium	Horizontal X-Ray Beam
A radiograph of an AP Axial projection of the cranium reveals that the dorsum sellae is projected below the foramen magnum, but the posterior arch of C1 is visible with in the foramen. Which positioning errors led to this outcome	Excessive CR angulation
Which most common positions errors most often results in a repeat exposure of a cranial position	Rotation
A radiograph of a PA Axial projection(Caldwell Method) of the cranium reveals that the petrous ridges are located at the level of the lower one third of the orbits. The tech performed this projection with the CR angled 15 degrees caudal to the OML	Positioning was Correct
A radiograph of a lateral projection of the cranium reveals that the orbital roofs(plates) are not superimposed--one is slightly superior to the other. Which position errors led to this outcome	Tilt
A radiograph of a lateral cranium reveals that the mentum was cut off from the bottom of the radiograph. IR was used adn it was placed crosswise. What must be altered if a repeat exposure is performed increase the extension of skull increase flexion of	Nothing, all of the structures were demonstrated
Lesions of decreased density are termed osteoblastic lesons	False
Both CT and MRI can provide reconstructed images in three planes: Axial, Sagittal and Coronal	True
A patient comes to radiology for a routine study of the cranium, He is unable to flex his head and neck sufficiently to place the OML perpendicular to the IR for the AP Axial. What should the tech do to compensate for this problem	Use the IOML and increase the CR angulation by 7 degrees
A patient enters the ED with a possible basilare skull fracture. Which of the following skull projections would best demonstrate any blood present in the sphenoid sinus	Horizontal beam lateral projection
A patient comes to radiology with a history of possible erosion of the superior orbital fissures. Which projections would best demonstrate this structure	PA Axial with 25-30 degree caudal angle to OML
A patient comes to radiology with a possible bone cyst within the squamous portion of the frontal bone. Which projection would best demonstrate this region with a minimal amount of distorion of the frontal bone	PA Axial with a 15 degree caudal angle to OML
A PA Axial projection with a 25 degree daudad angle of the cranium reveals that petrous ridges are at the level of the SOM. Which of the following modifactions are required to correct this error	Increase flexion of cranium
The PA Axial porjection(Hass Method) for the cranium required a CR angle of 25 degrees caudad	False
The SMV projection requires that the IOML is placed parrallel to the image receptor	True
Which cranial projection will best demonstrate a possible basilar fracture	Horizontal Beam Lateral
Which positioning line should be perpendicular to the plane of the IR for the AP Axial(Towne) projection with a 37 degree caudad CR angle	IOML
Which Division of the temporal bone contains the organs of hearing and equilibrium	Petrous
Which of the following structuresis part of the middle ear	Eustachian tube
To which aspect of the ear does the eustachian tube attach	Middle ear
The aditus is defined as a: larger chamber containing the mastoid air cells thin plate of bone separating the mastoid aircells from brain passageway for the auditory nerve opening between the epitympanic recess and the mastoid air cells	opening between the epitympanic recess and the mastoid air cell
The mastiod air cells communicate with the	Middle Ear
Which structures of the inner ear is reaponsible for hearing	Cochlea
The osseous labryinth inclues the cochlea, the vestibule, and the semicircular canals	True
The sensory apparatus of both equilibrium and hearing are contained in the inner ear	False
The vestibule is located in the middle ear	False
Where is the CR centered for the lateral projection of the cranium	Two inches superior to EAM
Which cranial bone possesses the sella turcica	Sphenoid
Wich cranial bone possesses the superior nasal conchae	Ethmoid
Which cranial bone possesses the zygomatic process	Temporal
Which of the following modalities best demonstrates early signes of Paget's disease of the skull	Nuclear medicine
A patient comes to radiology with severe mastoiditis. Which imaging modalities will best demonstrate possible boy destruction within the mastoid region	CT
A patient come to radiology with a clinical history of an acoustic neuroma. Which of the imaging modalities will provide the best assessment for this tumor	MRI
A patient comes in with a clinical history of possiblepituitary adenoma. Because this is a rural hospital CT and MRI are not available. Which radiographic porjection would best demonstrate signs of bony erosion of the selle turcica because of the tumor:	AP Axial(Towne Method) and Lateral Position
What is the largest immovable bone of the face	maxilla
Which facial bone forms the majority of the hard palate	Palatine
Which three cranial bones articulate directly with the zygomatic bone	Frontal, Sphenoid, Temporal
Which term describes the juction of the two nasal bones	Nasion
Which structures are described as scroll-like projections found in the nasal cavity	Conchae
Which tow bones form the bonsy nasal septum	ethmoid and vomer
The upper and lower teeth are embedded in the	Alveolar Processes
The point of union between both halves of the mandible is termed	Symphysis Menti
What primary type of joint movement occures with the tempromandibular joint	bicondylar
What is the classification of the joint found between the teeth and maxilla	fibrous
The posterior aspect of the orbit is termed the	Apex
How many FACIAL bones make up the bony orbit	four
Which sinus produces as air/fluid level indicating a basilar skull fracture	Sphenoid
Where are the ethmoid sinuses located within the ethmoid bone	Lateral Masses
T/F: All of the sinuses intercommunicate with each other and with the nasal cavity	true
T/F: Infections involving the upper teeth may involve the frontal sinuses	False
The _____ passageway drains the maxillary sinus into the middle nasal conchae	Infundibulum
The _____ sinuses develop last and are not fully developed until the teenage years	Ethmoid
Which bone is involved with a tripod fracture	Zygomatic
A fracture involving the facial bones where a blow to one causesa fracture to the oppisite side is	Contrecoup
Which imaging modalities should not be used to rule out a possible metal foreign body in the eye	MRI
T/F: The lateral projection of the facial bones is typically a unilateral projection	True
T/F: For a laterel facial bones projection, the chin should be adjusted so the IOML is perpendicular to the front edge of the IR	false
Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the facial bones	Zygoma, midway between the EAM and outer canthus
What is the angle between the OML and the plane of the IR for the Parietocanthial(Waters) Projection	37 degrees
T/F: The modified Parietocanthial(Modified Waters) projection requires more wxtension of the head and neck as compared with the Parietocanthial(Waters) projections	False
T/F: 15 degree PA(Caldwell) projection produces an unobstructed view of the maxilla	False
Where dose the CR exit for a modified Parietocanthial(Modified Waters) projection of the facial bones	Acanthion
This technical factor does not apply to lateral nasal bone projections	all of the above
Which positioning line is placed perpendicular to the plane of the IR with a true lateral nasal bone projection	IPL- Interpupillary Line
Which projections will best demonstrate the bony nasal septum	Parietoacanthial
T/F: The lateral projection for the nasal bones is generally a unilateral projection(Both right and left lateral projections are usually not required)	False
The CR must be place parallel to the _____ positioning line for the superoinferior(tangential) projection of nasal bones	GAL- Glabellomeatal Line
How much skull tilt and rotation are requried for the oblique inferosuperior(tangential)porjection for zygomatic arches	15 degrees
What can the technologist do if the patient cannot extend the head and neck adequately for the routine SMV projection of the zygomatic arches	Angle to CR to place it perpendicular to the IOML
Which positioning line is parallel to the IR for the oblique inferosuperior(tangential) projection of the zygomatic arches	IOML- Infraorbitomeatal Line
This is not true about the oblique inferosuperior(tangential) projection of the zygomatic arches	A small focal spot should be used
How much diffence is there is between the OML and IOML positioning lines	7-8 degrees
Which projection best demonstrates the floor of the orbits	Modified Parietoacanthial(Modified Waters)
Which positioning line must be used with a 30 degree caudad angle for an AP Axial projection of the zygomatic arches	OML
What is the angle between the MSP and the IR for a parieto-orbital obliqe projection of the optic foramen	53 degrees
Which positioning line is placed perpendicular to the IR for the parieto-orbital oblique projection of the optic foramina	AML
T/F: The proper name for the parieto-orbital oblique projection is the Schuller Method	False
T/F: Optic foramen studies are routinely takes as bilateral projections	True
What is the maximum CR angulation used for the axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible	45 degrees
How much skull rotation(from a lateral position) is required to place the ramus parallel to the IR for the Axiolateral Oblique projectionof the mandible	None, the skull should be kept in a lateral position
What is the chin extended for an Axiolateral Oblique projection of the mandible	To prevent superimposition upon the cervical spine
Where does the CR exit for hte optional PA Axial projection of the mandible	Junction of the lips
Which positioning line is perpendicular to the IR for a PA projection of the mandible	OML
Which apsect of the mandible is best demonstrated with an AP Axial projection	Condyloid Process
Where is the CR centered for an AP Axial prjection of the mandible	The Glabella
Which projection will best demonstrate the entire mandible with on exposure	SMV
What CR angle is required for the AP Axial projection for the TMJs with the IOML perpendicular to the IR	42 degrees
The Modified Law method for the TMJs requires a _____ rotation of the skull and a _____ angle of the CR	15 degrees-- 15 degrees
What is the position of the skull for an Axiolateral projection(Schuller Method) of the TMJ	true lateral
What CR angle is required for the Schuller Method projection of the TMJs	25-30 degrees caudad
Where should the optic foramen be located with a will positioned parieto-orbital oblique projection	Outer, lower quadrant of orbit
Along with the use of erect positions, what other technical factor is important to demonstrate air/fluid levels in the paranasal sinuses	Horizontal X-Ray Beam
Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the sinuses	Midway between the outer canthus and EAM
Which sinuses are best demonstrated with a PA projection	Frontal, and ethmoid
Which sinuses are best demonstrated with a parietoacanthial projection	Frontal and Maxillary
Which plane of perspective os most often porduced for a CT scan of the sinuses	Coronal
Which sinus is prjected through the oral cavity with a parietocanthial transoral projection	Sphenoid
A radiograph of a lateral projection of the facial bones reveals that the mandibular rami are not superimposed. What specific positioning error is present	rotation
The recommended digital systems kV range for the superoinferior tangential projection of the nasal bones is	60-70
Which of the following projections of the mandible results in teh hightest skin dose	SMV
A radiograph of a parietocanthial(Waters)projection reveals that the petrous ridges are superimposed over the lower 30% of the maxillary sinuses. What specific error if any led to this	No error, accept the intial radiograph
A radiograph of a PA Caldwell projection reveals that the petrous reidges are projected into the lower one third of the maxillary sinuses	No error, accept the intial radiograph
Which of the following cranial bones does NOT articulate with the parietal bone? frontal sphenoid occipital all of the above	all of the above

Which one of the following cranial projection will best demonstrate a possible basilar fracture?

Chapter12 Bontegar.

Which cranial bone contains the foramen ovale quizlet?

The foramen magnum is the large opening at the base of the occipital bone; the foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, & optic foramen are small openings found in the greater wings of the sphenoid bone.

Which cranial projection best demonstrates the frontal bone?

study for review class.

Which of the following projections is best used to evaluate the nasal septum?

Rotation review.

cranial projections demonstrate basilar fracture

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