A nurse assesses a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which arterial blood gas values should the nurse identify as potential ketoacidosis in this client? Show
a.pH 7.38, HCO3 22 mEq/L, PCO2 38 mm Hg, PO2 98 mm Hg Sets with similar terms4. Sweating 1. Leg ulcers Leg ulcers are a common response to the microvascular and macrovascular changes associated with diabetes. Retinopathy, damage to the microvascular system of the retina (e.g., edema, exudate, and local hemorrhage), occurs as a result of the occlusion of the small vessels in the eyes, causing microaneurysms in the capillary walls. Thick, yellow toenails result from prolonged inadequate arterial circulation to the feet. Pedal pulses diminish, which can result in gangrene, necessitating amputation. Diabetic neuropathies affect 60% to 70% of people with diabetes. It is theorized that consistent hyperglycemia causes a buildup of sorbitol and fructose in the nerves that results in impairment via an unknown process. Inadequate arterial circulation to hair follicles results in a lack of hair on the feet and ankles. The skin becomes dry and cracks, predisposing it to leg ulcers and infection. 3. Difficulty concentrating, hunger, and diaphoresis Difficulty concentrating, hunger, and diaphoresis are the most common signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Increased adrenergic nervous system activity and increased catecholamine secretion produce hunger and diaphoresis. Difficulty concentrating reflects central nervous system glucose deprivation. Increased thirst, sleepiness, and nausea are signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia as ketoacidosis develops. Confusion, dry mouth, and diminished reflexes are signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia; they reflect ketoacidosis. Flushed face, deep breathing, and abdominal pain are signs and symptoms of ketoacidosis. Discontinues the IVFE infusion Correct: For clients receiving fat emulsions, monitor for manifestations of fat overload syndrome, especially in those who are critically ill. These manifestations include fever, increased triglycerides, clotting problems, and multi-system organ failure. Discontinue the IVFE infusion, and report any of these changes to the health care provider immediately if this complication is suspected. A nurse assesses a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which arterial blood gas values should the nurse identify as potential ketoacidosis in this client? a. pH 7.38, HCO3- 22 mEq/L, PCO2 38 mm Hg, PO2 98 mm Hg A nurse prepares to administer insulin to a client at 1800. The client's medication administration record contains the following information: • Insulin glargine: 12 units daily at 1800 • Regular insulin: 6 units QID at 0600, 1200, 1800, 2400 Based on the client's medication administration record, which action should the nurse take? a. Draw up and inject the insulin glargine first, and then draw up and inject the regular insulin. Recommended textbook solutions
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Integrated Electronic Health Records4th EditionAmy Ensign, M Beth Shanholtzer 485 solutions What information should be included when teaching a patient with diabetes about foot care?Diabetes Foot Care Guidelines. Inspect your feet daily. ... . Bathe feet in lukewarm, never hot, water. ... . Be gentle when bathing your feet. ... . Moisturize your feet but not between your toes. ... . Cut nails carefully. ... . Never treat corns or calluses yourself. ... . Wear clean, dry socks.. Which is an important action that the nurse should teach patients with diabetes about foot care?Wash, dry, and moisturize the patient's feet. Make sure the water is not too hot and pat dry the feet thoroughly when finished. Lotion can be used on dry skin, but avoid the areas between the toes as this could lead to excessive moisture. Instruct the patient to avoid walking barefoot.
What are some ways to cope with diabetes?What to do:. Talk to your doctor about an exercise plan. Ask your doctor about what type of exercise is appropriate for you. ... . Keep an exercise schedule. ... . Know your numbers. ... . Check your blood sugar level. ... . Stay hydrated. ... . Be prepared. ... . Adjust your diabetes treatment plan as needed.. What should the goals of nutrition therapy for the patient with type II diabetes include?Goals of Medical Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes
- Maintain near-normal blood glucose levels. - Achieve optimal serum lipid levels. - Achieve and maintain a reasonable weight for adults. - Achieve normal growth and development in children and adolescents.
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