In the context of ethical guidelines in psychological research, when data are confidential

Presentation on theme: "Chapter 3: Ethical guidelines for psychological research."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 3: Ethical guidelines for psychological research

2 Historical Context for Ethical Guidelines
Nuremberg Code Participation is voluntary. The research must contribute to scientific knowledge and be conducted by qualified researchers. The researchers must avoid unnecessary harm, take precautions against risk, ensure that benefits outweigh the risks of the study, and terminate the study if unforeseen harm comes to the participants. The participants have the right to discontinue their participation in the study. McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

3 Historical Context for Ethical Guidelines
APA code based on Nuremberg Code. Many of the elements in the APA code overlapped with the main elements of the Nuremberg Code. Two additional elements were included in the guidelines for research: (1) The researchers must reduce harm due to deception. (2) The researchers must ensure the confidentiality of participant data. McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

4 Ethical Issues in Research
Milgram (1963) obedience study Zimbardo (1973) prison study McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

5 Belmont Report Respect for persons Beneficence Justice
McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

6 Belmont Report McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

7 Institutional Review Boards
Oversees human research done at an institution. This policy applies to all institutions that are subject to federal regulations. Reviews all research proposed at the institution to provide a more objective evaluation of the ethics of a study. Is made up of at least five members with backgrounds sufficient to ensure qualified review of the research proposals. McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

8 Institutional Review Boards
Exempt studies Expedited studies Full-review studies McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

9 Institutional Review Boards
Criteria for IRB approval The researcher will minimize unnecessary risk to the participants. The risk in the study is justified by the potential benefits of the study. The selection of the participants is fair and appropriate for the study. An informed consent process is included in the study and can be documented by the researchers. McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

10 Institutional Review Boards
Criteria for IRB approval The researcher will monitor collection of the data to ensure the safety of the participants during the course of the study. The privacy and confidentiality of the participants will be protected by the researcher. If a special participant group is included in the study, procedures must be included to protect the rights of these participants. McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

11 Institutional Review Boards
Deception and debriefing If a study makes use of deception, the researcher must justify why the deception is necessary and why alternative procedures that do not use deception cannot be employed. If the study uses deception, the debriefing process must thoroughly explain the nature of the study and the deception used, including the purpose of the deception in the study. McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

12 Research with Non-Human Animals
Justification Personnel Care and housing of the animals Acquisition of the animals McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

13 Research with Non-Human Animals
Study procedures Minimize discomfort Greater justification for greater discomfort Surgical procedures carefully overseen Animals not released into the wild McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

14 Research with Non-Human Animals
IACUC (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee) Oversees research with non-human animals at an institution McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

15 Ethics in Reporting Research
Plagiarism Properly cite sources Report correct data McBride, The Process of Research in Psychology. Third Edition © 2016 SAGE Publications, Inc.

What are the ethical guidelines in psychological research?

What are confidentiality and informed consent important to psychological research?

What are the basic ethical guidelines for psychological research quizlet?

Which of the following is not one of the basic ethical guidelines for psychological researchers?