Artificial intelligence (AI) Show
the ability of computers to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain Artificial intelligence systems the people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that demonstrate characteristics of intelligence Chief knowledge officer (CKO) a top-level executive who helps the organization use a KMS to create, store, and use knowledge to achieve organizational goals the individual or group who has the expertise or knowledge one is trying to capture in the expert system hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to a human expert component of an expert system that allows a user or decision maker to understand how the expert system arrived at certain conclusions or results the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies for people, organizations, or even countries an approach to solving large, complex problems in which a number of related operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges rules that suggest certain conclusions. part of the expert system that seeks information and relationships from the knowledge base and provides answers, predictions, and suggestions the way a human expert would a specialized system that combines traditional disciplines, such as science and medicine, with computer systems and technology programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program; also called intelligent robot or bot the ability to learn from experiences and apply knowledge acquired from experience, handle complex situations, solve problems when important information is missing, determine what is important, react quickly and correctly to a new situation, understand visual images, process and manipulate symbols, be creative and imaginative, and use heuristics Knowledge acquisition facility part of the expert system that provides convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all the components of the knowledge base a person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system the person or group who uses and benefits from the expert system a combination of software and hardware that allows the computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback it receives text, graphics, video, animation, audio, and other media that can be used to help an organization efficiently and effectively achieve its goals Natural language processing processing that allows the computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a “natural” language, such as English a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of a human brain a system that approximates the way a human sees, hears, and feels objects mechanical or computer devices that perform tasks requiring a high degree of precision or that are tedious or hazardous for humans a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes a system that enables one or more users to move and react in a computer-simulated environment the hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures What is an Expert System?An expert system is a computer program that is designed to solve complex problems and to provide decision-making ability like a human expert. It performs this by extracting knowledge from its knowledge base using the reasoning and inference rules according to the user queries. The expert system is a part of AI, and the first ES was developed in the year 1970, which was the first successful approach of artificial intelligence. It solves the most complex issue as an expert by extracting the knowledge stored in its knowledge base. The system helps in decision making for compsex problems using both facts and heuristics like a human expert. It is called so because it contains the expert knowledge of a specific domain and can solve any complex problem of that particular domain. These systems are designed for a specific domain, such as medicine, science, etc. The performance of an expert system is based on the expert's knowledge stored in its knowledge base. The more knowledge stored in the KB, the more that system improves its performance. One of the common examples of an ES is a suggestion of spelling errors while typing in the Google search box. Below is the block diagram that represents the working of an expert system: Note: It is important to remember that an expert system is not used to replace the human experts; instead, it is used to assist the human in making a complex decision. These systems do not have human capabilities of thinking and work on the basis of the knowledge base of the particular domain.Below are some popular examples of the Expert System:
Characteristics of Expert System
Components of Expert SystemAn expert system mainly consists of three components:
1. User InterfaceWith the help of a user interface, the expert system interacts with the user, takes queries as an input in a readable format, and passes it to the inference engine. After getting the response from the inference engine, it displays the output to the user. In other words, it is an interface that helps a non-expert user to communicate with the expert system to find a solution. 2. Inference Engine(Rules of Engine)
Inference engine uses the below modes to derive the solutions:
3. Knowledge Base
Components of Knowledge Base
Knowledge Representation: It is used to formalize the knowledge stored in the knowledge base using the If-else rules. Knowledge Acquisitions: It is the process of extracting, organizing, and structuring the domain knowledge, specifying the rules to acquire the knowledge from various experts, and store that knowledge into the knowledge base. Development of Expert SystemHere, we will explain the working of an expert system by taking an example of MYCIN ES. Below are some steps to build an MYCIN:
Participants in the development of Expert System There are three primary participants in the building of Expert System:
Why Expert System?Before using any technology, we must have an idea about why to use that technology and hence the same for the ES. Although we have human experts in every field, then what is the need to develop a computer-based system. So below are the points that are describing the need of the ES:
Capabilities of the Expert SystemBelow are some capabilities of an Expert System:
Advantages of Expert System
Limitations of Expert System
Applications of Expert System
Next Topic# Who is the person that provides knowledge to expert system?2. Knowledge engineer - The knowledge engineer has a dual task. This person should be able to elicit knowledge from the expert, gradually gaining an understanding of an area of expertise.
Who are the participants of an expert system?Participants in Expert System Development in Artificial Intelligence. Domain expert – A person or group of people whose skills and knowledge are acquired to develop the knowledge base. Knowledge engineer – A technical person who uses the acquired knowledge and integrates it with expert computer systems.
What is an expert system also known as?Expert Systems, also known as Knowledge-based Systems, Intelligent Agent Systems, or more generally as Knowledge Systems, are computer programs that exhibit a similar high level of intelligent performance as human experts.
How is knowledge acquired in expert system?An expert system is a computer program that is designed to solve complex problems and to provide decision-making ability like a human expert. It performs this by extracting knowledge from its knowledge base using the reasoning and inference rules according to the user queries.
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