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The tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit a similar response is called

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AB
learning a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience
habituation an organism’s decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it
associative learning learning that certain events occur together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequences (as in operant conditioning).
classical conditioning a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events.
behaviorism the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies response to stimuli without reference to mental processes.
unconditioned response (UR) in classical conditioning, the unlearned, naturally occurring reaction to the unconditioned stimulus (US), such as salivation when food is in the mouth.
conditioned response (CR) in classical conditioning, the learned reaction to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus (CS).
unconditioned stimulus (US) in classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers an involuntary response.
conditioned stimulus (CS) in classical conditioning, an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus (US), comes to trigger a conditioned response.
acquisition in classical conditioning, the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. In operant conditioning, the strengthening of a reinforced response.
higher-order conditioning a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light predicts the tone and begin responding to the light alone.
extinction the diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus (US) does not follow a conditioned stimulus (CS); occurs in operant conditioning when a response is no longer reinforced
spontaneous recovery the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response.
generalization the tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses.
discrimination in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus.
learned helplessness the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.
respondent behavior behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus.
operant conditioning a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
operant behavior behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences.
law of effect Thorndike’s principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely, and that behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely.
operant chamber in operant conditioning research, a chamber (also known as a Skinner box) containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a food or water reinforcer; attached devices record the animal’s rate of bar pressing or key pecking.
shaping an operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior
discriminative stimulus in operant conditioning, a stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement (in contrast to related stimuli not associated with reinforcement).
reinforcer in operant conditioning, any event that strengthens the behavior it follows
positive reinforcement increasing behaviors by presenting pleasant stimuli, such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.
negative reinforcement increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing unpleasant stimuli, such as shock. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response. (Note: negative reinforcement is not punishment.)
primary reinforcer an innately reinforcing stimulus, such as one that satisfies a biological need.
conditioned reinforcer a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer; also known as a secondary reinforcer.
continuous reinforcement reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs.
partial (intermittent) reinforcement reinforcing a response only part of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement.
punishment an event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses.
variable-ratio schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses.
fixed-interval schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed.
variable-interval schedule in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals.
cognitive map a mental representation of the layout of one’s environment. For example, after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it.
latent learning learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
insight a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions.
intrinsic motivation a desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake.
extrinsic motivation a desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment.
biofeedback a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and providing information to monitor a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension.
observational learning learning by watdhing others. Also called social learning.
modeling the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior.
mirror neurons frontal lobe nerve cells that fire when performing certain actions or when observing another doing so. The brain’s mirroring of another’s action may enable imitation and empathy.
prosocial behavior positive, constructive, helpful behavior. The opposite of antisocial behavior.

What is the tendency once a response has been conditioned for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses?

In the conditioning process, stimulus generalization is the tendency for the conditioned stimulus to evoke similar responses after the response has been conditioned.

What is the tendency to respond in similar ways to similar stimuli known as?

Generalisation. In psychology, generalisation is the tendency to respond in the same way to stimuli that are similar but not identical to the conditioned stimulus. For example, in Pavlov's experiment, if a dog is conditioned to salivated to the sound of a bell, it may later salivate to a higher pitched bell.
The American Psychological Association defines a conditioned response (CR), also sometimes called a conditioned reflex, as "the learned or acquired response to a conditioned stimulus."1.

When stimulus is similar to another stimulus then it is called?

4.2. Stimulus generalization is the evocation of a nonreinforced response to a stimulus that is very similar to an original conditioned stimulus.

tendency stimuli similar conditioned stimulus elicit similar response called Stimulus generalization

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