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Definition of LaborLabor is a series of continuous, progressive contractions of the uterus that help the cervix dilate and efface (thin out). This lets the fetus move through the birth canal. Labor usually starts two weeks before or after the estimated date of delivery. However, the exact trigger for the onset of labor is unknown. Signs of LaborWhile each woman experiences labor differently, some common signs of labor may include:
If you are unsure about the start of your labor, call your health care provider. Different Stages of LaborTypically, labor is divided into three stages:
Since each labor experience is different, the amount of time required for each stage will vary. If labor induction is not required, most women will deliver their baby within 10 hours of being admitted to the hospital. Labor is generally shorter for subsequent pregnancies.
Johns Hopkins Hospital Designated as Baby-FriendlyThe Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, a global program launched by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, has designated The Johns Hopkins Hospital as Baby-Friendly. This designation is given to hospitals and birthing centers that offer an optimal level of care for infant feeding and mother-baby bonding. Induction of LaborIn some cases, labor has to be induced or stimulated to begin. The reasons for induction vary. Labor induction is not initiated before 39 weeks of pregnancy unless there is a problem. The most common reasons for induction include the following:
Labor may be induced by:
Hospital Care During LaborWhen you first arrive at the hospital in labor, the nursing staff may perform a physical exam of your abdomen to determine the size and position of the fetus. The nurses may also examine your cervix for dilation and effacement. To monitor your health, the nursing staff may check the following:
In addition, your baby’s health is carefully monitored during labor. A monitor may be placed over your abdomen to keep track of the fetal heart rate. You may receive IV fluids during labor. The IV line, a thin, plastic tube inserted into a vein (usually in your forearm), can also be used to give medicine. IV fluids are usually given once active labor has begun and when you have epidural anesthesia. Pain Management Options During LaborYou have many options to relieve pain during labor and delivery. In general, you and your health care provider should choose the safest, most effective method of pain relief available. This decision will be determined by your:
The following are the most common natural and medication-based methods for managing the pain associated with labor and delivery: Nonmedicated Pain ManagementAs part of natural childbirth, these pain management strategies provide comfort and relieve stress without the use of medication. Many women have successfully learned natural techniques to help them feel more comfortable and in control during labor and birth. These techniques include:
Medicated Pain ManagementAnalgesics. Pain relief medications, such as meperidine, may be used during labor in small amounts with very few complications. However, if given in large amounts or in repeated doses, analgesics can slow the activity of the breathing center in the brain of the mother and child. Anesthesia. This type of medicine is designed to cause a loss of sensation in various areas of the body. Anesthesia medications include:
Which instructions would the nurse give to a client in labor who begins to experience dizziness and tingling of her hands?Breathing technique
If she feels dizzy, unwell, is feeling pins-and-needles (tingling) in her face, hands and feet, encourage her to breathe more slowly. To prevent pushing at the end of first stage of labour, teach her to pant, to breathe with an open mouth, to take in 2 short breaths followed by a long breath out.
Which comfort position would the nurse encourage for a client experiencing back labor?Back Labor
After palpating the abdomen to determine the fetus' position, the nurse can help her patient to lie on the side that encourages rotation (e.g., if the fetus is LOP, the woman should lie on her left side, and if the fetus is ROP, the woman should lie on her right side).
Which statement explains the primary purpose of the side lying position during labor quizlet?"Lying on the side encourages the presenting part to descend." "It enhances blood flow to the uterus and makes contractions easier." In the side-lying position, the gravid uterus does not impede venous return; cardiac output increases, leading to improved uterine perfusion, uterine contractions, and fetal oxygenation.
Which information would the nurse include in the discharge teaching of a postpartum patient?Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching of a postpartum client? Exercises may be resumed immediately and should be done for the rest of the life because they help strengthen the muscle needed for urinary continence and may inhance sexual intercourse.
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