Which of the following is true with regard to the distinctive features of labor around the world?

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Terms in this set (90)

1) International human resource managers support subsidiary managers by providing IHRM guidelines and by hiring, training, and evaluating employees for international operations.

True

2) Parent-country nationals (PCNs) are citizens of the country where the MNE's subsidiary is located.

False

3) Avoiding country bias, nepotism, and other local practices and cultivating a global mindset are some of the significant challenges of the international staffing policy.

True

4) Host-country nationals (HCNs) are citizens of the country where the MNE is headquartered.

False

5) Foreign subsidiaries are never staffed from the home country.

False

6) Margaret Lee, an American and a private bank employee from New York, is assigned to work and reside in Paris for five years. She is most likely to be known as a repatriate in Paris.

False

7) Typically, country laws do not dictate how many employees can come from nonlocal sources.

False

8) Firms usually hire HCNs abroad to maintain local control over foreign operations.

False

9) Firms prefer HCNs when the host-country environment is complex and their specialized knowledge or local connections are required in the local marketplace.

True

10) Worldwide staffing with PCNs helps firms develop an integrated global enterprise.

False

11) Developing talent is a multistep collaboration between human resource managers and executive management.

True

12) MNEs with a global mindset encourage an ethnocentric orientation among managers and employees working abroad.

False

13) Training programs designed for preparing employees for assignments abroad consists of area studies, practical information, and cross-cultural awareness.

True

14) Cross-cultural awareness training tends to lower intercultural sensitivity and effectiveness.

False

15) Critical incident analysis examines an episode in which tension arises between employee and foreign counterpart due to a cross-cultural misunderstanding.

True

16) Typically, a standardized diagnostic tool is used to evaluate the performance of all firm employees and subsidiaries, both domestic and international.

False

17) The problem of noncomparable outcomes arises because of differences in economic, political, legal, and cultural variables.

True

18) Subsidiary managers are often assessed by multiple evaluators mainly because MNEs are typically characterized by a low level of mutual trust among employees.

False

19) Local tradition, culture, and cost of living do not influence compensation packages.

False

20) In expatriate compensation, tax equalization is a special consideration.

True

21) Expatriates usually do not receive the benefits normally accorded to home-country employees.

False

22) Through labor relations, management and workers identify and determine job relationships that will apply in the workplace.

True

23) Union membership has experienced a gradual decline in many advanced economies.

True

24) With rapid globalization, the incidence of strikes has increased worldwide.

False

25) Advanced economies tend to pay relatively lower wages.

False

26) Unions in Europe often represent not only factory workers but white-collar workers such as physicians, engineers, and teachers.

True

27) Most European countries restrict firms' ability to lay off workers.

True

28) In traditional societies, women tend to enjoy a high degree of economic independence.

False

29) Women enjoy equal access to senior management positions in most Asian countries.

False

30) Representation by women in senior management is lowest in Russia and the Philippines.

False

31) ________ are citizens of the country where the MNE's subsidiary is located.
A) Third-country nationals
B) Expatriates
C) Host-country nationals
D) Parent-country nationals

C) Host-country nationals

32) ________ are typically the largest proportion of workers hired abroad and usually work in manufacturing, assembly, basic service activities, clerical work, and other nonmanagerial functions.
A) Home-country nationals
B) Parent-country nationals
C) Third-country nationals
D) Host-country nationals

D) Host-country nationals

33) Richard Johnson, an American citizen, is a senior manager in a telecom company based in Texas. He is currently posted in and works from the company's subsidiary in Uganda, Africa. Richard is a ________.
A) host-country national
B) parent-country national
C) third-country national
D) repatriate

B) parent-country national

34) In which of the following situations is the employee considered a host-country national?
A) a French MNE sends a French employee to work in its Canadian subsidiary
B) a Japanese MNE sends an American employee to work at its Hong Kong subsidiary
C) a Chinese MNE employs a Chinese citizen for its subsidiary in Singapore
D) an American MNE employs a Mexican citizen for its subsidiary in Mexico

D) an American MNE employs a Mexican citizen for its subsidiary in Mexico

35) Which of the following best describes an expatriate?
A) an employee who is assigned to live and work in a foreign country for an extended period
B) an employee who returns to his home country after a foreign assignment
C) an employee hired on a temporary basis by an MNE
D) an employee who is a host-country national

A) an employee who is assigned to live and work in a foreign country for an extended period

Employee Categories (Scenario)
Styleco Inc. is an international manufacturer of leather wallets and briefcases. Based in Canada, the firm has subsidiaries throughout Europe and Asia. High-level Styleco employees are often re-located for months at a time to foreign offices depending on the needs of the firm. Shelly Eaton, a Canadian, has been sent to manage the Styleco office in Italy. Raj Patel, an Indian, is an experienced software designer who is on assignment for Styleco in its Paris office. Keiko Tran of Japan is employed as a manager in Styleco's Tokyo office. Marcus Field is a Canadian working at the Styleco headquarters in Ontario as a manufacturing engineer.

36) Which of the following employees is most likely a host-country national?
A) Shelly Eaton
B) Raj Patel
C) Keiko Tran
D) Marcus Field

C) Keiko Tran

Employee Categories (Scenario)
Styleco Inc. is an international manufacturer of leather wallets and briefcases. Based in Canada, the firm has subsidiaries throughout Europe and Asia. High-level Styleco employees are often re-located for months at a time to foreign offices depending on the needs of the firm. Shelly Eaton, a Canadian, has been sent to manage the Styleco office in Italy. Raj Patel, an Indian, is an experienced software designer who is on assignment for Styleco in its Paris office. Keiko Tran of Japan is employed as a manager in Styleco's Tokyo office. Marcus Field is a Canadian working at the Styleco headquarters in Ontario as a manufacturing engineer.

37) Which of the following employees is most likely a third-country national?
A) Raj Patel
B) Marcus Field
C) Shelly Eaton
D) Keiko Tran

A) Raj Patel

Employee Categories (Scenario)
Styleco Inc. is an international manufacturer of leather wallets and briefcases. Based in Canada, the firm has subsidiaries throughout Europe and Asia. High-level Styleco employees are often re-located for months at a time to foreign offices depending on the needs of the firm. Shelly Eaton, a Canadian, has been sent to manage the Styleco office in Italy. Raj Patel, an Indian, is an experienced software designer who is on assignment for Styleco in its Paris office. Keiko Tran of Japan is employed as a manager in Styleco's Tokyo office. Marcus Field is a Canadian working at the Styleco headquarters in Ontario as a manufacturing engineer.

38) Which of the following employees is a parent-country national working in a host country?
A) Marcus Field
B) Keiko Tran
C) Raj Patel
D) Shelly Eaton

D) Shelly Eaton

39) Linda Grahams, an American citizen, works in a global conglomerate based in Washington D.C. A few months ago, Linda was assigned to work in the company's office in Hong Kong and live there for the next three years. Which of the following can Linda be best described as?
A) expatriate
B) host-country national
C) third-country national
D) repatriate

A) expatriate

40) International human resource management is usually more complex than domestic human resource management because ________.
A) IHRM managers usually encounter routine situations akin to those present at home
B) IHRM managers typically have a low exposure to risks
C) IHRM managers are required to both hire and retain talent
D) IHRM managers are required to demonstrate greater involvement in employees' personal lives

D) IHRM managers are required to demonstrate greater involvement in employees' personal lives

41) Which of the following issues most likely complicates international human resource management?
A) equal education opportunities
B) health benefit reimbursement
C) political risk and terrorism
D) vacation and travel policies

C) political risk and terrorism

42) All of the following refer to key tasks of IHRM EXCEPT ________.
A) developing global managers
B) assessing job performance of expatriates
C) evaluating internal accounting practices and audits
D) handling labor disputes and strikes

C) evaluating internal accounting practices and audits

43) Firms prefer HCNs when ________.
A) the host country environment is complex
B) the host country has no specialized knowledge to share
C) the parent country is keen on maintaining full control over foreign operations
D) managers located in the headquarters adopt a dominantly ethnocentric approach to hiring

A) the host country environment is complex

44) Under which of the following circumstances would an MNE most likely hire a parent-country national?
A) when the MNE wants to maintain strong control over its foreign operations
B) when the MNE wants to benefit substantially from specialized knowledge available in the host country
C) when the MNE wants to transfer specific knowledge or corporate culture from third countries to host-country operations
D) when the host country environment is complex

A) when the MNE wants to maintain strong control over its foreign operations

45) For which of the following activities would parent-country nationals most likely be employed?
A) marketing
B) creating a global culture
C) research and development
D) sales

C) research and development

46) An MNE would most likely employ a host-country national when ________.
A) it has substantial knowledge regarding upstream value-chain activities
B) it emphasizes R&D and manufacturing
C) it wants to maintain strong control over local operations
D) it needs specialized knowledge about the local market

D) it needs specialized knowledge about the local market

47) ________ refers to searching for and locating potential job candidates to fill the firm's needs.
A) Retrenchment
B) Recruitment
C) Codetermination
D) Repatriation

B) Recruitment

48) ________ refers to an employee's ability to function effectively with those from different cultural backgrounds or in different cultural contexts.
A) Reverse culture shock
B) Ethnocentrism
C) Cultural intelligence
D) Cultural pluralism

C) Cultural intelligence

49) Which of the following is NOT one of the four dimensions of cultural intelligence?
A) behavioral flexibility
B) motivation
C) strategy
D) introversion

D) introversion

50) ________ refers to the confusion and anxiety experienced by a person who lives in a foreign culture for an extended period.
A) Culture shock
B) Culture pluralism
C) Enculturation
D) Segregation

A) Culture shock

51) Firms with global mindsets are characterized by ________.
A) staff diversity
B) parochialism
C) a strong sense of national pride
D) rigid hiring policies

A) staff diversity

52) ________ refers to the employee's ability to adopt verbal and nonverbal behaviors appropriate in different cultures.
A) Behavioral biases
B) Parochialism
C) Behavioral flexibility
D) Ethnocentrism

C) Behavioral flexibility

53) Which of the following most likely occurs as a result of expatriate failure?
A) culture shock
B) diminished careers
C) acculturation
D) knowledge sharing

B) diminished careers

54) ________ tends to worsen culture shock.
A) The ability to speak more than one language
B) Proximity to family
C) Inadequate cross-cultural skills
D) High adaptability

C) Inadequate cross-cultural skills

International Management Qualifications (Scenario)
Core Computer Corporation (CCC) recently opened a customer service facility in New Delhi, India. Managers of the Texas-based firm have been displeased with the local manager hired to run the New Delhi facility because of a variety of problems that took place. CCC managers believe that a representative from the headquarters should manage the Indian facility for one year in order to train personnel and to improve the quality of customer service. Two CCC executives have expressed a desire to work and live in India: Craig Springer and Devon Parks. The CCC human resources department is comparing the qualifications and characteristics of the two men in order to determine which candidate would be the most successful in India.

55) Which of the following would be the most important for human resources managers to determine before deciding who should manage the New Delhi facility?
A) Which candidate possesses the ability to be a flexible and sensitive leader with superior cross-cultural knowledge?
B) Which candidate best understands CCC corporate culture in Texas?
C) Which candidate is the most knowledgeable about CCC's products?
D) Which candidate has mentored the most CCC interns and new employees over the past three years?

A) Which candidate possesses the ability to be a flexible and sensitive leader with superior cross-cultural knowledge?

International Management Qualifications (Scenario)
Core Computer Corporation (CCC) recently opened a customer service facility in New Delhi, India. Managers of the Texas-based firm have been displeased with the local manager hired to run the New Delhi facility because of a variety of problems that took place. CCC managers believe that a representative from the headquarters should manage the Indian facility for one year in order to train personnel and to improve the quality of customer service. Two CCC executives have expressed a desire to work and live in India: Craig Springer and Devon Parks. The CCC human resources department is comparing the qualifications and characteristics of the two men in order to determine which candidate would be the most successful in India.

56) Which of the following, if true, would strengthen the argument in favor of hiring a local manager for the New Delhi facility?
A) Indians are mostly multilingual.
B) Local connections are crucial to achieve success in the local marketplace in India.
C) CCC wants to have strong control over all its foreign operations.
D) The quality of labor in New Delhi is no lesser than that in Texas.

B) Local connections are crucial to achieve success in the local marketplace in India.

International Management Qualifications (Scenario)
Core Computer Corporation (CCC) recently opened a customer service facility in New Delhi, India. Managers of the Texas-based firm have been displeased with the local manager hired to run the New Delhi facility because of a variety of problems that took place. CCC managers believe that a representative from the headquarters should manage the Indian facility for one year in order to train personnel and to improve the quality of customer service. Two CCC executives have expressed a desire to work and live in India: Craig Springer and Devon Parks. The CCC human resources department is comparing the qualifications and characteristics of the two men in order to determine which candidate would be the most successful in India.

57) Which of the following most supports hiring Craig Springer as manager for CCC's facility in New Delhi?
A) Craig handles work-related stress mostly by exercising and spending time with friends.
B) Craig has served as a manager for six months in CCC's office in Beijing.
C) Craig learned to speak fluently in Spanish and French from his past assignments in Europe.
D) Craig is able to work independently with little direction.

D) Craig is able to work independently with little direction.

International Management Qualifications (Scenario)
Core Computer Corporation (CCC) recently opened a customer service facility in New Delhi, India. Managers of the Texas-based firm have been displeased with the local manager hired to run the New Delhi facility because of a variety of problems that took place. CCC managers believe that a representative from the headquarters should manage the Indian facility for one year in order to train personnel and to improve the quality of customer service. Two CCC executives have expressed a desire to work and live in India: Craig Springer and Devon Parks. The CCC human resources department is comparing the qualifications and characteristics of the two men in order to determine which candidate would be the most successful in India.

58) Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument in favor of hiring Devon Parks as manager for CCC's facility in New Delhi?
A) Devon has few local connections in New Delhi where success is largely determined by local connections and networking.
B) CCC wants to maintain strong control over all its foreign operations including India.
C) Devon is capable of working independently and with little direction.
D) CCC has significantly benefitted in the past by hiring PCNs for training local managers in Asia.

A) Devon has few local connections in New Delhi where success is largely determined by local connections and networking.

59) Area studies refer to ________.
A) technical knowledge pertaining to a firm's core competencies
B) factual knowledge of the historical, political, and economic environment of the host country
C) factual knowledge about a firm's foreign subsidiaries
D) knowledge pertaining to daily living abroad

B) factual knowledge of the historical, political, and economic environment of the host country

60) How can international human resource managers effectively minimize culture shock for expatriates?
A) by allowing personnel a short trip to the foreign location before the actual assignment
B) by training personnel to understand the host country's government, culture, and language
C) by inviting foreign employees to the homes of future expatriates for enhancing cultural awareness
D) by asking the expatriate to return to the headquarters

B) by training personnel to understand the host country's government, culture, and language

International Management Position (Scenario)
Global Choppers Inc. is an MNE based in Vancouver that manufactures high-quality motorcycles for sale around the world. The majority of design work is done at the Vancouver headquarters, but manufacturing and assembly are performed in company facilities located in Romania. In order to maintain control over manufacturing quality, Global Choppers sends representatives from the company headquarters to manage the Romanian facility for one year rotations. Conrad O'Neil has been selected to run the foreign facility for the upcoming year. The human resources department of Global Choppers will be preparing him for his foreign assignment through a variety of training methods.

61) Conrad's training for his assignment in Romania would most likely include ________.
A) technical training
B) area studies
C) training on developing global managers
D) natural disaster management

B) area studies

International Management Position (Scenario)
Global Choppers Inc. is an MNE based in Vancouver that manufactures high-quality motorcycles for sale around the world. The majority of design work is done at the Vancouver headquarters, but manufacturing and assembly are performed in company facilities located in Romania. In order to maintain control over manufacturing quality, Global Choppers sends representatives from the company headquarters to manage the Romanian facility for one year rotations. Conrad O'Neil has been selected to run the foreign facility for the upcoming year. The human resources department of Global Choppers will be preparing him for his foreign assignment through a variety of training methods.

62) The human resources department of Global Choppers designs trainings for employees in a way that helps them avoid the self-reference criterion. This implies that the training designed by the human resources department of Global Choppers ________.
A) helps counter the tendency of viewing foreign assignments with suspicion and distrust
B) does not emphasize cultural awareness
C) is inadequately equipped to enhance the cultural intelligence of employees
D) helps counter the tendency of viewing other cultures through the lens of one's own culture

D) helps counter the tendency of viewing other cultures through the lens of one's own culture

International Management Position (Scenario)
Global Choppers Inc. is an MNE based in Vancouver that manufactures high-quality motorcycles for sale around the world. The majority of design work is done at the Vancouver headquarters, but manufacturing and assembly are performed in company facilities located in Romania. In order to maintain control over manufacturing quality, Global Choppers sends representatives from the company headquarters to manage the Romanian facility for one year rotations. Conrad O'Neil has been selected to run the foreign facility for the upcoming year. The human resources department of Global Choppers will be preparing him for his foreign assignment through a variety of training methods.

63) Which of the following sums up the goal of training Conrad for his assignment in Romania?
A) increasing Conrad's effectiveness abroad
B) ensuring a smooth repatriation for Conrad
C) decreasing the per-unit cost of production
D) enhancing overall freedom for employees

A) increasing Conrad's effectiveness abroad

64) Which of the following is the term used to describe an expatriate's return to his/her home country following completion of a foreign assignment?
A) repatriation
B) reverse culture shock
C) national integration
D) codetermination

A) repatriation

65) ________ refers to the tendency to view other cultures through the lens of your own culture.
A) Codetermination
B) Self-reference criterion
C) Segregation
D) Cross-cultural awareness

B) Self-reference criterion

66) Which of the following best summarizes the goal of cross-cultural awareness training for expatriates?
A) It enables expatriates to cope with reverse-culture shock.
B) It enables expatriates to share knowledge with host-country nationals more effectively.
C) It enables expatriates to significantly upgrade their technical skills.
D) It enables expatriates to effectively communicate with local customers and employees and be sensitive to the host-country's culture.

D) It enables expatriates to effectively communicate with local customers and employees and be sensitive to the host-country's culture.

67) Critical incident analysis examines ________.
A) a situation under which an MNE is forced to relocate operations abroad
B) an episode in which tension arises between employee and foreign counterpart due to a cross-cultural misunderstanding
C) an episode in which tension arises between an employee and a manager with regard to performance evaluation
D) a critical situation in which the internal stakeholders of a firm fail to reach a consensus with regard to a common issue

B) an episode in which tension arises between employee and foreign counterpart due to a cross-cultural misunderstanding

68) Which of the following most likely complicates international performance appraisals?
A) overproduction
B) distance from the headquarters
C) lack of general consensus among managers with regard to reward systems
D) cost of doing business abroad

B) distance from the headquarters

69) ________ makes performance evaluations more complex in the international context.
A) The problem of noncomparable outcomes
B) Inadequate cross-cultural skills
C) Overproduction
D) Knowledge sharing

A) The problem of noncomparable outcomes

70) ________ is a formal process for assessing how effectively employees perform their jobs.
A) Performance planning
B) Performance management
C) Performance appraisal
D) Performance guarantee

C) Performance appraisal

71) Base remuneration is also referred to as ________.
A) incentives
B) allowance
C) wages
D) benefits

C) wages

72) Which of the following refers to the additional payment that allows the expatriate to maintain a standard of living similar to that at home?
A) allowance
B) benefits
C) base remuneration
D) wages

A) allowance

73) Given the potential hardships of working abroad, many MNEs also provide ________ to expatriate employees which is similar to a bonus.
A) wages
B) incentives
C) base remuneration
D) allowance

B) incentives

74) Which of the following is the best example of a situation in which a firm is compensating an employee with base remuneration?
A) An American engineer working in Japan receives a salary comparable to that of engineers working in the U.S.
B) A Dutch computer programmer working in Hong Kong receives an additional payment to cover the cost of relocation.
C) A German accountant working in India receives a one-time bonus for the potential hardships of working abroad.
D) A British manager working in a civil war-torn zone receives additional allowances for working under perceived threat.

A) An American engineer working in Japan receives a salary comparable to that of engineers working in the U.S.

75) Which of the following is true about the taxation of expatriates?
A) Expatriates are exempted from paying taxes while working abroad.
B) Most employers do not reimburse the extra tax burden incurred by expatriates.
C) Most parent countries insist on double taxation for expatriates.
D) Most parent-country governments have devised regulations that allow expatriates to minimize double taxation.

D) Most parent-country governments have devised regulations that allow expatriates to minimize double taxation.

76) Managers typically consider all of the following elements when developing compensation packages for employees working abroad EXCEPT ________.
A) wages
B) premium
C) incentives
D) benefits

B) premium

77) Typically, ________ provide(s) a means for collective bargaining.
A) government agencies
B) the top management of MNEs
C) labor unions
D) NGOs

C) labor unions

78) Strikes organized by labor unions are aimed at ________.
A) settling disputes regarding offshore unions
B) pressuring management to grant union demands
C) pressuring management to unionize
D) creating public awareness about social issues

B) pressuring management to grant union demands

79) A strike refers to ________.
A) an unorganized anarchical movement initiated by employees within an organization
B) an organized, collective refusal to work with the aim of pressuring management to grant union demands
C) the hostile takeover of a weak company by a strong one
D) governmental restrictions on imports

B) an organized, collective refusal to work with the aim of pressuring management to grant union demands

80) When outsourcing work to foreign suppliers, managers must ensure that ________.
A) wages in the host country are higher than that in the home country
B) the local level of productivity is more
C) workers in the host country enjoy a high degree of employee empowerment
D) worker productivity in the host country meets acceptable levels

D) worker productivity in the host country meets acceptable levels

81) All of the following are international labor trends EXCEPT ________.
A) increase in immigration
B) more mobile labor force
C) rapidly increasing union membership in most advanced economies
D) formation of global alliances by national labor unions

C) rapidly increasing union membership in most advanced economies

82) ________ refers to an industrial relations practice in which labor representatives sit on the corporate board and participate in company decision making.
A) Codetermination
B) Standardization
C) Repatriation
D) Collective bargaining

A) Codetermination

83) Which of the following is true with regard to the distinctive features of labor around the world?
A) U.S. labor unions have lost their standing as an important political force.
B) Given the weak ties between Chinese labor and government, Western managers rarely deal with China's national and local governments in managing labor relations.
C) Unions in Europe do not represent white-collar workers.
D) Labor activism and dispute resolution through unions have grown significantly in China in recent years.

D) Labor activism and dispute resolution through unions have grown significantly in China in recent years.

84) Which of the following offsets some of the benefits of paying low wages abroad?
A) high productivity
B) flat organizational structures
C) cost of training
D) expatriate assignment failure

C) cost of training

85) Which of the following is true with regard to workforce reduction and employee termination?
A) In the United States, declaring bankruptcy does not enable firms to shed labor during company reorganization.
B) Laying off workers requires management to consider local norms, regulations, and labor unions.
C) Most European countries do not restrict firms' ability to lay off workers.
D) In most countries, the employer is considered the weaker party.

B) Laying off workers requires management to consider local norms, regulations, and labor unions.

86) Which of the following is true with regard to firm strategy in international labor relations?
A) Cross-border linkages give rise to complex interactions among differing national labor systems.
B) Since unions have little influence on the cost of labor, managing labor relations on a global scale is often inessential.
C) Labor relations are more or less consistent around the world.
D) Delegating the management of labor relations to their foreign subsidiaries helps MNEs eliminate risks stemming from labor disputes.

A) Cross-border linkages give rise to complex interactions among differing national labor systems.

87) International experience tends to ________.
A) lower sensitivity
B) lower cross-cultural awareness
C) enhance problem-solving and crisis management skills
D) enhance a greater unease in traveling on foreign assignments

C) enhance problem-solving and crisis management skills

88) Which of the following is true with regard to women in international business?
A) Representation by women in senior management is lowest in Russia and the Philippines.
B) Female senior managers in international business are still more the exception than the norm.
C) Usually, firms do not hesitate to send women to countries where traditional gender roles are the norm.
D) In the United States, unemployment rates are higher for women than for men.

B) Female senior managers in international business are still more the exception than the norm.

89) Which of the following is a recent trend regarding women in business?
A) Companies worldwide are substantially increasing the number of women on foreign assignments.
B) The majority of international managers are female.
C) Better-educated women are no more likely to obtain jobs than their less-educated counterparts.
D) New legislation in Norway requires listed and state-owned companies to ensure that women hold no more than 20 percent of seats on corporate boards.

A) Companies worldwide are substantially increasing the number of women on foreign assignments.

90) Which of the following measures would a progressive firm most likely take to ensure female equality in international business?
A) encourage senior executives to learn multiple foreign languages
B) limit the number of female executives for international executive posts
C) deny leadership roles in foreign assignments to men
D) have female executives serve as mentors and role models for aspiring women

D) have female executives serve as mentors and role models for aspiring women

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Are citizens of the country where the MNE's subsidiary is located?

Host-country nationals (HCNs). They are citizens of the country where the MNE's subsidiary is located. They are typically the largest proportion of workers hired abroad and usually work in manufacturing, assembly, basic service activities, clerical work, and other nonmanagerial functions.

Which of the following best summarizes the goal of cross cultural awareness training for expatriates?

Which of the following best summarizes the goal of cross-cultural awareness training for expatriates? It enables expatriates to effectively communicate with local customers and employees and be sensitive to the host-country's culture.

What key components must an Ihrm plan contain?

The key components that an IHRM plan must contain are recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation, and task distribution (StuDocu).