Melvin, a 32-year- old,always complains of his increasing need for water. He also feels an increasing need to urinate almost every now and then,and always feels hungry. There is tingling on his extremities and numbness. His once clear vision is now experiencing cloudiness. He already feels tired just a few hours after waking up even though he does not have any job and only stays at home. The wound on his right knee has been there weeks but no improvement is seen. Show
DescriptionThe major sources of the glucose that circulates in the blood are through the absorption of ingested food in the gastrointestinal tract and formation of glucose by the liver from food substances.
ClassificationThe classification system of diabetes mellitus is unique because research findings suggest many differences among individuals within each category, and patients can even move from one category to another, except for patients with type 1 diabetes.
PathophysiologyDiabetes Mellitus has different courses of pathophysiology because of it has several types.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 Diabetes MellitusPathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Schematic Diagram [scribd id=136226865 key=key-23ek2au7faj1qn3pdmwx mode=scroll] EpidemiologyDiabetes mellitus is now one of the most common disease all over the world. Here are some quick facts and numbers on diabetes mellitus.
CausesThe exact cause of diabetes mellitus is actually unknown, yet there are factors that contribute to the development of the disease. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Clinical ManifestationsClinical manifestations depend on the level of the patient’s hyperglycemia.
PreventionAppropriate management of lifestyle can effectively prevent the development of diabetes mellitus.
ComplicationsIf diabetes mellitus is left untreated, several complications may arise from the disease.
Assessment and Diagnostic FindingsHypoglycemia may occur suddenly in a patient considered hyperglycemic because their blood glucose levels may fall rapidly to 120 mg/dL or even less.
Medical ManagementHere are some medical interventions that are performed to manage diabetes mellitus.
Nutritional Management
Meal Planning
Other Dietary Concerns
Using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System
Testing for Glycated Hemoglobin
Pharmacologic Therapy
Nursing ManagementNurses should provide accurate and up-to-date information about the patient’s condition so that the healthcare team can come up with appropriate interventions and management. Nursing AssessmentThe nurse should assess the following for patients with Diabetes Mellitus:
DiagnosesThe following are diagnoses observed from a patient with diabetes mellitus.
Planning and GoalsMain article: 13+ Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans Achievement of goals is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy.
Nursing Priorities
Nursing InterventionsThe healthcare team must establish cooperation in implementing the following interventions.
EvaluationTo check if the regimen or the interventions are effective, evaluation must be done afterward.
Discharge and Home Care GuidelinesThe responsibility of the healthcare team members does not end when the patient is discharged. The following are guidelines that should be discussed before the patient is discharged from the hospital.
Documentation GuidelinesThe following should be documented for patients with diabetes mellitus.
Practice Quiz: Diabetes MellitusFor our diabetes mellitus practice quiz, please do visit our nursing test bank for diabetes:
See AlsoPosts related to Diabetes Mellitus:
Further ReadingRecommended books and resources:
Which type of prevention strategies would be considered for a patient diagnosed with diabetes?Advertisement. Lose extra weight. Losing weight reduces the risk of diabetes. ... . Be more physically active. There are many benefits to regular physical activity. ... . Eat healthy plant foods. Plants provide vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates in your diet. ... . Eat healthy fats. ... . Skip fad diets and make healthier choices.. What is tertiary prevention define and give examples?A. Tertiary prevention consists of rehabilitation and efforts to prevent disease progression after an injury or event has occurred. After the event of a stroke, physical therapy is a form of rehabilitation and a means of preventing further impairment and disability.
What is the role of nurse in prevention of disease?By offering education and counseling, nurses significantly can aid in preventative health efforts nationwide. Preventative health refers to a collection of strategies that health care professionals encourage patients to implement to help stay healthy and reduce the risk of future disease.
What is prevention in community health nursing?It is implemented in symptomatic patients and aims to reduce the severity of the disease as well as of any associated sequelae. While secondary prevention seeks to prevent the onset of illness, tertiary prevention aims to reduce the effects of the disease once established in an individual.
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