Does your child have a respiratory problem? Show Respiratory problems can affect the nose, mouth, sinuses, and throat (upper respiratory system) or the bronchial tubes and lungs (lower respiratory system). How old are you? Less than 3 months Less than 3 months 3 to 5 months 3 to 5 months 6 to 11 months 6 to 11 months 12 months to less than 3 years 12 months to less than 3 years 3 to 11 years 3 to 11 years 12 years or older 12 years or older Are you male or female?
Has your child swallowed or inhaled an object? Yes Swallowed or inhaled object No Swallowed or inhaled object Has your child had surgery in the past 2 weeks? Surgery can cause problems that make your child cough. Yes Surgery within past 2 weeks No Surgery within past 2 weeks Does your baby seem sick? A sick baby probably will not be acting normally. For example, the baby may be much fussier than usual or not want to eat. How sick do you think your baby is? Extremely sick Baby is very sick (limp and not responsive) Sick Baby is sick (sleepier than usual, not eating or drinking like usual) Would you describe the breathing problem as severe, moderate, or mild? Severe Severe difficulty breathing Moderate Moderate difficulty breathing Mild Mild difficulty breathing Is your child having trouble breathing (more than a stuffy nose)? Yes Difficulty breathing more than stuffy nose No Difficulty breathing more than stuffy nose Yes Drooling and unable to swallow No Drooling and unable to swallow Would you describe the breathing problem as severe, moderate, or mild? Severe Severe difficulty breathing Moderate Moderate difficulty breathing Mild Mild difficulty breathing Does your child have a chronic health problem that affects his or her breathing, such as asthma? A breathing problem may be more of a concern if your child normally does not have breathing problems. Yes Has chronic breathing problems No Has chronic breathing problems Is the problem your child is having right now different than what you are used to? Yes Breathing problem is different than usual symptoms No Breathing problem is different than usual symptoms Is your child's ability to breathe: Getting worse? Breathing problems are getting worse Staying about the same (not better or worse)? Breathing problems are unchanged Getting better? Breathing problems are getting better Is your child's ability to breathe: Quickly getting worse (within minutes or hours)? Breathing problems are quickly worsening Slowly getting worse (over days)? Breathing problems are slowly worsening Staying about the same (not better or worse)? Breathing problems are unchanged Getting better? Breathing problems are getting better Does your child make a harsh, high-pitched sound when he or she breathes in? This often occurs with a loud cough that sounds like a barking seal. Yes Harsh, high-pitched sound when breathing No Harsh, high-pitched sound when breathing Does your child have symptoms of a serious illness? Yes Symptoms of serious illness No Symptoms of serious illness Do you think your baby has a fever? Did you take your child's temperature? This is the only way to be sure that a baby this age does not have a fever. If you don't know the temperature, it's safest to assume the baby has a fever and needs to be seen by a doctor. Any problem that causes a fever at this age could be serious. Rectal temperatures are the most accurate. Taking an axillary (armpit) temperature is also an option. Is it 38°C (100.4°F) or higher, taken rectally? This would be an axillary temperature of 37.5°C (99.5°F) or higher. Yes Temperature at least 38°C (100.4°F) taken rectally No Temperature at least 38°C (100.4°F) taken rectally Do you think your child has a fever? Did you take your child's temperature? How high is the fever? The answer may depend on how you took the temperature. NOTE: Most people have an average body temperature of about 37°C (98.6°F). But it can vary by a degree or more and still be considered normal. If a low body temperature is the only symptom, it’s usually not something to worry about. But be sure to watch for other symptoms. High: 40°C (104°F) or higher, oral High fever: 40°C (104°F) or higher, oral Moderate: 38°C (100.4°F) to 39.9°C (103.9°F), oral Moderate fever: 38°C (100.4°F) to 39.9°C (103.9°F), oral Mild: 37.9°C (100.3°F) or lower, oral Mild fever: 37.9°C (100.3°F) or lower, oral How high do you think the fever is? Moderate Feels fever is moderate Mild or low Feels fever is mild How long has your child had a fever? Less than 2 days (48 hours) Fever for less than 2 days From 2 days to less than 1 week Fever for more than 2 days and less than 1 week 1 week or longer Fever for 1 week or more Does your child have a health problem or take medicine that weakens his or her immune system? Yes Disease or medicine that causes immune system problems No Disease or medicine that causes immune system problems Does your child have shaking chills or very heavy sweating? Shaking chills are a severe, intense form of shivering. Heavy sweating means that sweat is pouring off the child or soaking through his or her clothes. Yes Shaking chills or heavy sweating No Shaking chills or heavy sweating Does your child have a cough? When your child is coughing, does his or her face turn blue or purple? Yes Colour changes to blue or purple when coughing No Color changes to blue or purple when coughing Has the coughing been so bad that it has made your baby vomit? Yes Vomiting after coughing spasm No Vomiting after coughing spasm Is your baby coughing up blood? Is your baby eating less than usual? Yes Change in eating habits No Change in eating habits Has your baby had a cough for more than 1 full day (24 hours)? Yes Cough for more than 24 hours No Cough for 24 hours or less Is your child coughing up mucus, phlegm (say "flem"), or blood from the lungs? This is called a productive cough. Mucus or blood draining down the throat from the nose because of a cold, a nosebleed, or allergies is not the same thing. Yes Coughing up sputum or blood No Coughing up sputum or blood Is your child coughing up blood? How much blood is there? Thin streaks of blood Streaks More than just streaks More than streaks Has this been going on for more than 2 days? Yes Coughing up mucus for more than 2 days No Coughing up mucus for more than 2 days Has the coughing been so bad that it has made your child vomit? Yes Vomiting after coughing spasm No Vomiting after coughing spasm Has your child had a cough for more than 2 weeks? Yes Cough for more than 2 weeks No Cough for more than 2 weeks Did the symptoms start after your child took a new medicine? Do not give your child any more of the medicine until you have talked to the child's doctor. Yes Medicine may be causing problems No Medicine may be causing problems
Does your child have a runny nose? Does your baby have trouble eating or sleeping because of a runny, stuffy nose? Yes Trouble eating or sleeping because of nasal congestion No Trouble eating or sleeping because of nasal congestion Is there thick, yellow drainage coming from your child's nose? Yes Thick, yellow nasal drainage No Thick, yellow nasal drainage Has your child had the nasal drainage for more than 2 days? Yes Nasal drainage for more than 2 days No Nasal drainage for more than 2 days Is your child acting sicker than you would expect if he or she had a minor illness, like a cold? Yes Seems sicker than expected No Seems sicker than expected Does your child have a runny nose, watery eyes, and a lot of sneezing without other cold symptoms? Have your child's symptoms lasted longer than 2 weeks? Yes Symptoms for more than 2 weeks No Symptoms for more than 2 weeks Many things can affect how your body responds to a symptom and what kind of care you may need. These include:
Try Home TreatmentYou have answered all the questions. Based on your answers, you may be able to take care of this problem at home.
Symptoms of difficulty breathing can range from mild to severe. For example:
Symptoms of difficulty breathing in a baby or young child can range from mild to severe. For example:
Severe trouble breathing means:
Moderate trouble breathing means:
Mild trouble breathing means:
If you're not sure if a child's fever is high, moderate, or mild, think about these issues: With a high fever:
With a moderate fever:
With a mild fever:
Temperature varies a little depending on how you measure it. For children up to 11 years old, here are the ranges for high, moderate, and mild according to how you took the temperature. Oral (by mouth), ear, or rectal temperature
A forehead (temporal) scanner is usually 0.3° C (0.5° F) to 0.6° C (1° F) lower than an oral temperature. Armpit (axillary) temperature
Note: For children under 5 years old, rectal temperatures are the most accurate. Certain health conditions and medicines weaken the immune system's ability to fight off infection and illness. Some examples in children are:
Symptoms of serious illness in a baby may include the following:
Symptoms of serious illness may include:
Sudden drooling and trouble swallowing can be signs of a serious problem called epiglottitis. This problem can happen at any age. The epiglottis is a flap of tissue at the back of the throat that you can't see when you look in the mouth. When you swallow, it closes to keep food and fluids out of the tube (trachea) that leads to the lungs. If the epiglottis becomes inflamed or infected, it can swell and quickly block the airway. This makes it very hard to breathe. The symptoms start suddenly. A person with epiglottitis is likely to seem very sick, have a fever, drool, and have trouble breathing, swallowing, and making sounds. In the case of a child, you may notice the child trying to sit up and lean forward with his or her jaw forward, because it's easier to breathe in this position. You can use a small rubber bulb (called an aspirating bulb) to remove mucus from your baby's nose or mouth when a cold or allergies make it hard for the baby to eat, sleep, or breathe. To use the bulb:
Don't do this more than 5 or 6 times a day. Doing it too often can make the congestion worse and can also cause the lining of the nose to swell or bleed. A baby that is extremely sick:
A baby that is sick (but not extremely sick):
Seek Care NowBased on your answers, you may need care right away. The problem is likely to get worse without medical care.
Call 911 NowBased on your answers, you need emergency care. Call 911 or other emergency services now. Sometimes people don't want to call 911. They may think that their symptoms aren't serious or that they can just get someone else to drive them. But based on your answers, the safest and quickest way for you to get the care you need is to call 911 for medical transport to the hospital. Make an AppointmentBased on your answers, the problem may not improve without medical care.
Seek Care TodayBased on your answers, you may need care soon. The problem probably will not get better without medical care.
Post-Operative Problems Respiratory Problems, Age 12 and Older Swallowed or Inhaled Objects Which respiratory disorder is most common in the first 24 48 hours after surgery?The diagnosis of atelectasis is typically clinical, especially in the post-operative patient who has developed respiratory symptoms within 24hrs of surgery.
Why is atelectasis common after surgery?General anesthesia is a common cause of atelectasis. It changes your regular pattern of breathing and affects the exchange of lung gases, which can cause the air sacs (alveoli) to deflate. Nearly everyone who has major surgery develops some amount of atelectasis. It often occurs after heart bypass surgery.
Can you get pneumonia from anesthesia?Aspiration pneumonia is usually caused by aspiration of gastric contents during anesthesia. It causes severe pulmonary complications.
How can I prevent pneumonia after surgery?Cough and deep-breathing exercises with incentive spirometer. Twice daily oral hygiene with chlorhexidine swabs. Ambulation with good pain control. Head-of-bed elevation to at least 30° and sitting up for all meals.
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Which respiratory disorder is most common in the first 24 hours after surgery?
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