At what age do infants begin to use social smiles when they see another human face quizlet?

Parents treat sons and daughters similarly, except in sex typed activities. Fathers may be particularly important in sex typing because they are more likely to treat sons and daughters differently.

Nội dung chính

• What is the first stimulus that usually involves a social smile from an infant?
• Which of these emotions is the first to develop in an infant quizlet?
• Which of these emotions is the first to develop in an infant?
• Which behavior develops around 6 weeks of age?

• Children gradually learn that gender is stable over time and cannot be changed according to personal wishes. After children understand gender, they begin to learn gender-typical behavior. According to gender-schema theory, children learn about gender by paying attention to behaviors of members of their own sex and ignoring behaviors of members of the other sex.

• Evolutionary developmental psychology reminds us that different roles for males and females caused different traits and behaviors to evolve for men and women. The idea that biology influences some aspects of gender roles is also supported by research on females exposed to male hormones during prenatal development.

Which of the following statements correctly illustrates the cultural differences in emotional expression for American and Asian children?

a. American elementary-school children are embarrassed by public displays of individual achievement, but show great pride when their entire class is honored for an achievement.

b. Asian elementary-school children often show pride at personal achievement, such as getting the highest grade on a test or being chosen student of the month.

c. In many Asian countries, outward displays of emotions are discouraged in favor of emotional restraint.

d. American preschool children are less like than Chinese preschool children to smile at funny pictures or express disgust after smelling vinegar.

Social Smile: A smile evoked by a human face, normally evident in infants about 6 weeks after birth

Stranger wariness: An infants expression of concern--a quiet stare, clinging to a familiar person,, or sadness--when a stranger appears.

Seperation Anxiety: Expressed in tears, dismay, or anger when a familiar caregiver leaves. Most obvious between 9 and 14 months. Usually subsides after age 2, but if it remains strong by age 3 it is considered an emotional disorder

Self-Awareness: Ones realization that he or she is a distinct individual, whose body, mind, and actions are seperate from those of other people.

Freud: Oral and anal stages
Believed that the oral and anal stages are fraught with potential conflicts that have long-term consequences. Ex a mother preventing sucking or weaning to early can lead to an adult with an oral fixation (eats, drinks, chews, bites, talks excessively). In the anal stage if toilet training is overly strict or too early, parent-infant interaction may become locked into a conflict over the toddlers refusal, or inability to comply. Child could develop an anal personality, seeking self-control and unusually strong need for regularity in all aspects of life.

Erikson: Trust and Autonomy
The first crisis of life is trust vs mistrust, when infants learn basic trust if their basic needs (food, comfort, attention) are met. if social interaction inspires trust, and security, the child and later adult will confidently explore the social world

The second crisis is autonomy vs shame and doubt, begins at about 18 months, when self awareness emerges. Toddlers want autonomy (self-rule) over their own actions and bodies. Without it, they feel ashamed and doubtful. Problems in early infancy could last a lifetime, creating adults who are suspicious and pessimistic (mistrusting) or easily shamed (lacking autonomy)

Secure attachment (type B): infants feel comfortable and confident. The caregiver becomes a base for exploration, providing assurance that enables exploration. almost 2/3 of infants are in this category

Insecure attachment (type A): infant avoids connection with the caregiver. Ex not caring about their presence, departure or return. Characterized by fear, anxiety, anger, or indifference. about 1/3 of infants are this type or type C.

Insecure-resistant/ambivalent attachment (type C): Unwilling to leave the caregivers lap; child becomes very upset at separation form the caregiver and both resists and seeks contact on reunion; anxiety and uncertainty are evident.

Disorganized attachment (type D): Marked by an infants inconsistent reactions to the caregivers departure and return. Ex hitting, kissing, staring blankly, crying hysterically, pinching themselves, freezing up. about 5-10% of infants are in this category

Playmate: Many parents enjoy the role of playmate.
For example, if a toddler is stacking toy plates, a parent might help the child stack the plates.

Social Director: It takes two to interact, and young children rely on parents to create opportunities for social interactions. Many parents of young children arrange visits with peers, enroll children in activities and take children to settings that attract young children.

Coach: Successful interactions require a host of skills, including how to initiate an interaction, make joint decisions, and resolve conflicts. When parents help their children acquire these skills, children tend to be more competent socially and more accepted by their peers. The coaching must be constructive for children to benefit. Parent coaches sometimes make sugges-tions that are misguided. Bad coaching is worse than none at all, as it harms children's peer relations.

What is the first stimulus that usually involves a social smile from an infant?

self-recognition. What is the FIRST stimulus that usually evokes a social smile from an infant? Freud's first stage of psychosexual development is: oral.

Which of these emotions is the first to develop in an infant quizlet?

One of a baby's earliest emotions is fear, which typically first appears at about 6 months and peaks at about 18 months. An infant's fear and wariness of strangers that typically appears in the second half of the first year of life. - Not all infants show distress when they encounter a stranger.

Which of these emotions is the first to develop in an infant?

For the first 6 months, your baby will express emotion based on how he is feeling in the moment, without understanding why. At first his emotions are simple: Pleasure and displeasure.

Which behavior develops around 6 weeks of age?

Which behavior develops around six weeks of age? At six weeks of age, baby Jessica's newest emotional reaction is MOST likely to be: a social smile.