What is used to show similarities in genes or structures that are inherited from a common ancestry?

Evolution and natural selection

Evidence for evolution: anatomy, molecular biology, biogeography, fossils, & direct observation.

Evolution and natural selection

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What is similarity of structures due to common ancestry called?

Homologous structures If two or more species share a unique physical trait they may all have inherited this trait from a common ancestor. Traits that are shared due to common ancestry are homologous structures. The similar bone arrangement of the human, bird, and whale forelimb is a structural homology.

What type of structures can be used to imply common ancestry?

Homologous structures are structures that have a common function and suggest common ancestry. For example, homologous structures include the limbs of mammals, such as bats, lions, whales, and humans, which all have a common ancestor.
DNA and the genetic code reflect the shared ancestry of life. DNA comparisons can show how related species are.