Which of the following statements characterizes the Republican victory in the 1928 election quizlet?

Which of the following presented the greatest challenges to the United States after World War I?

a. The war brought to light the differences among Americans.
b. The war had left the United States deeply in debt.
c. Women refused to leave the workforce.
d. The economy slowed after the war.

a. The war brought to light the differences among Americans.

African Americans who served in World War I returned home to find

a. new appreciation for their patriotism.
b. greater access to jobs when they showed their discharge papers.
c. less racism from whites than before the war.
d. discrimination and race riots.

d. discrimination and race riots.

Which of the following statements characterizes race relations in the aftermath of World War I?

a. The Great Migration of blacks out of the South was quickly reversed after the war.
b. At least 120 blacks were killed in racial violence in the United States by 1919.
c. African Americans continued to follow the advice of Booker T. Washington.
d. Racial confrontations did not involve black soldiers, who were lauded in the South.

b. At least 120 blacks were killed in racial violence in the United States by 1919.

In which of the following cities was the prosperous Greenwood district burned down in racial riots in 1921?

a. Tulsa, Oklahoma
b. Boston, Massachusetts
c. Detroit, Michigan
d. Charlotte, North Carolina

a. Tulsa, Oklahoma

Which of the following factors contributed to the incredible number of militant strikes that occurred during 1919?

a. Employers sought to reinstitute the ten-hour workday.
b. American companies fired wartime workers and hired returning soldiers.
c. Public support for labor unions made strikes more acceptable.
d. Employers tried to root out labor unions after the war.

d. Employers tried to root out labor unions after the war.

Which of the following politicians won tremendous political support during the strikes of 1919, when he claimed, "There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, anytime"?

a. Woodrow Wilson
b. Calvin Coolidge
c. Warren Harding
d. Herbert Hoover

b. Calvin Coolidge

Welfare capitalism emerged in the 1920s in part to

a. win government pensions for the elderly.
b. stop unionization.
c. ensure workers' health.
d. improve workers' productivity.

b. stop unionization.

Which of the following statements characterizes the Red Scare of 1919-1921?

a. The American public and press blamed labor conflict on the American Federation of Labor.
b. The American Communist Party posed a direct threat to the stability of American society.
c. The Socialist Party threatened to foment violent revolution.
d. A series of 1919 bombings led Americans to associate radical political groups with violence.

d. A series of 1919 bombings led Americans to associate radical political groups with violence.

Which prominent politician fanned fears of domestic radicalism after a bomb exploded outside his home in 1919?

a. Calvin Coolidge
b. Mitchell Palmer
c. Henry Cabot Lodge
d. Warren G. Harding

b. Mitchell Palmer

Which of the following facts regarding Sacco and Vanzetti clearly biased the jury against them?

a. They were Italian immigrants.
b. Both had criminal histories.
c. They were communists.
d. Both were illegal immigrants.

c. They were communists.

Which of the following statements describes the proceedings against Sacco and Vanzetti?

a. Their acquittal reflected the waning of the Red Scare hysteria.
b. Scholars still debate their guilt, but most agree that they did not receive a fair trial.
c. Despite the high emotions aroused by their case, Sacco and Vanzetti received a fair trial.
d. Their quick trial and execution in 1921 exemplified antiradical hysteria.

b. Scholars still debate their guilt, but most agree that they did not receive a fair trial.

Which of the following is true regarding the Sheppard-Towner Federal Maternity and Infancy Act of 1921?

a. It was the first federally funded, health-care legislation.
b. The act excluded working-class women.
c. It prohibited midwives and home births.
d. The National Woman's Party opposed its passage.

a. It was the first federally funded, health-care legislation.

Why did the newly organized Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) come under attack in the 1920s?

a. The group supported feminist goals.
b. It articulated an explicitly anticapitalist message.
c. Socialist women were among its members.
d. The WILPF proposed social justice measures.

c. Socialist women were among its members.

Which of the following statements most accurately characterized women's political participation during the 1920s?

a. Due to their political inexperience, few women sought public office.
b. Women were most effective as members of political parties' committees.
c. Women had little success in political lobbying and no formal organizations of their own.
d. Women did not vote as a bloc, as politicians had expected.

d. Women did not vote as a bloc, as politicians had expected.

Harding campaigned on the platform of returning to "normalcy," which meant
`
a. continuing the Progressive Era reforms.
b. putting Republicans back in office.
c. he would be a common man in government rather than an intellectual.
d. a strong probusiness stance and conservative cultural values.

c. he would be a common man in government rather than an intellectual.

As secretary of commerce under Warren Harding, Herbert Hoover

a. led a renewed campaign of trust-busting to restore competition in the business world.
b. sought to eliminate any type of government intervention in business.
c. worked to extend the power of the War Industries Board and War Labor Board.
d. believed that voluntary cooperation between government and business could replace regulation.

d. believed that voluntary cooperation between government and business could replace regulation.

Which major scandal in Harding's administration was named after the national oil reserves it involved?

a. Crédit Mobilier
b. Teapot Dome
c. Sinclair Oil
d. North Shore Oil

b. Teapot Dome

Which of the following was one of Calvin Coolidge's political virtues at the time he became president after Harding's death in 1923?

a. A reputation for nonpartisanship
b. Reticence, which ensured the confidentiality of his administration
c. Austere morality, which contrasted with Harding's cronyism
d. Imaginative foresight and problem-solving abilities

c. Austere morality, which contrasted with Harding's cronyism

Which of the following occurred at the Democratic Party convention in 1924?

a. Democrats chose a vice presidential candidate to attract rural southern voters.
b. After 103 ballots, it nominated William G. McAdoo for the presidency.
c. Conflicts showed that the party was deeply split between rural and urban interests.
d. The delegates could not agree on the nomination of a presidential candidate.

c. Conflicts showed that the party was deeply split between rural and urban interests.

Which of the following statements characterized U.S. foreign policy during the 1920s?

a. The United States was strongly isolationist, retreating from involvement in world affairs.
b. The newly powerful United States overwhelmed other countries in the League of Nations.
c. The United States actively sought to facilitate American economic expansion abroad.
d. The nation ended its use of military intervention in Latin America to protect U.S. investments.

c. The United States actively sought to facilitate American economic expansion abroad.

During the 1920s, the U.S. military intervened in or occupied

a. Nicaragua.
b. Bolivia.
c. El Salvador.
d. Cuba.

a. Nicaragua.

The culture wars of the 1920s were due in part to

a. a backlash against big business as many poorer Americans struggled economically.
b. the tremendous growth of cities from immigration and rural migration.
c. political battles between Democrats and Republicans throughout the decade.
d. the change in foreign policy from isolation to internationalism.

b. the tremendous growth of cities from immigration and rural migration.

Which of the following is correct about the Scopes trial?

a. John Scopes was found not guilty.
b. The American Civil Liberties Union challenged the constitutionality of the trial.
c. William Jennings Bryan defended Scopes in the trial.
d. Clarence Darrow defended the right to teach evolution in schools.

d. Clarence Darrow defended the right to teach evolution in schools.

Which of the following statements characterizes the Scopes "monkey trial" of 1925?

a. The trial quickly became a media circus.
b. The jury acquitted John Scopes, and modern science claimed victory over religion.
c. The trial resulted in a hung jury unable to decide whether Scopes was innocent or guilty.
d. The American Civil Liberties Union supported the Tennessee ban on teaching evolution.

a. The trial quickly became a media circus.

The emergency immigration restrictions in 1921 were made more restrictive with the

a. National Origins Act.
b. American Civil Liberties Union.
c. Dillingham Commission.
d. Jones Act.

a. National Origins Act.

How did the U.S. government change immigration restrictions during the 1920s?

a. The National Origins Act set immigration quotas at 2 percent of each nationality as measured by the 1890 census.
b. The 1929 Immigration Act relaxed quotas for Europeans but tightened those for Latin Americans.
c. The 1921 Emergency Immigration Bill set quotas at 10 percent of each nationality as measured by the 1900 census.
d. To meet the need for cheap labor, the 1929 Immigration Act reversed the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act.

a. The National Origins Act set immigration quotas at 2 percent of each nationality as measured by the 1890 census.

The rise of the Ku Klux Klan and the National Origins Act represented a resurgence of

a. religious revival.
b. nativism.
c. jingoism.
d. fundamentalism.

b. nativism.

How did the rejuvenated Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s differ from its Reconstruction-era form?

a. It abandoned violence in favor of economic boycotts.
b. The new Klan found most of its support in the rural South.
c. The group targeted Catholics and Jews as well as blacks.
d. It was a patriotic group, not a racist one.

c. The group targeted Catholics and Jews as well as blacks.

Which of the following describes Governor Alfred E. Smith, the Democratic presidential candidate in 1928?

a. Smith had a speaking voice ideally suited to the new medium of radio.
b. He was the first major-party presidential candidate to reflect the aspirations of the urban working class.
c. Smith was a product of Chicago's influential Irish political machine.
d. He lost the election because he failed to carry the heavily industrialized states in the urban Northeast.

b. He was the first major-party presidential candidate to reflect the aspirations of the urban working class.

Which of the following statements characterizes the Republican victory in the 1928 election?

a. Hoover carried all the heavily industrialized states and large cities.
b. Hoover attracted the votes of many immigrant Catholic women.
c. Given America's prosperity, it was unlikely that any Democrat could have defeated Herbert Hoover.
d. Hoover, a political unknown in comparison to Smith, picked up votes by attacking Smith's reputation as a progressive.

c. Given America's prosperity, it was unlikely that any Democrat could have defeated Herbert Hoover.

Which of the following concepts championed black racial pride and cultural identity in the 1920s?

a. Harlem Renaissance
b. Jazz Age
c. Lost Generation
d. Back to Africa movement

a. Harlem Renaissance

Which of the following statements was true of the Harlem Renaissance?

a. The most visible part of the Harlem Renaissance to most whites was jazz music.
b. Most of its participants had no significant appeal outside the black community.
c. For generations, critics dismissed the participants' work as race-based and old-fashioned.
d. Most participants were not Americans by birth, but hailed from Trinidad and Jamaica.

a. The most visible part of the Harlem Renaissance to most whites was jazz music.

Which of the following describes 1920s jazz?

a. It was popular among black southerners but failed to gain acceptance among white northerners.
b. Jazz represented a synthesis of African American music forms such as ragtime and the blues.
c. It expressed, among other things, black Americans' desire to assimilate with the white population.
d. Jazz was rarely recorded or performed publicly because of discriminatory laws against African Americans.

b. Jazz represented a synthesis of African American music forms such as ragtime and the blues.

The most celebrated jazz soloist of the 1920s was the trumpeter

a. Duke Ellington.
b. Zora Neale Hurston.
c. Bix Beiderbecke.
d. Louis Armstrong.

d. Louis Armstrong.

The Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) recommended that black Americans

a. resort to violence if necessary to achieve racial justice.
b. work more aggressively through the court system to end segregation.
c. pressure Congress to set aside a state for a black separatist society.
d. return to Africa to obtain the justice unavailable to them in the United States.

d. return to Africa to obtain the justice unavailable to them in the United States.

What was the significance of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in the 1920s?

a. It represented a major black artistic movement.
b. The UNIA created the Harlem Renaissance.
c. It was the only biracial organization of its day.
d. It left a legacy of activism among working-class blacks.

d. It left a legacy of activism among working-class blacks.

The growing pan-Africanism movement that began to emerge among blacks during the 1920s was spurred in part by

a. black men's military service during World War I.
b. nativist whites' efforts to deport blacks.
c. the anticolonial movements that had transformed Africa.
d. the dismal American economy of the 1920s.

a. black men's military service during World War I.

Which of the following terms did American writer Gertrude Stein use to describe Americans who had experienced World War I firsthand?

a. The Lost Generation
b. The Greatest Generation
c. Baby Boomers
d. The Silent Generation

a. The Lost Generation

Which of the following statements describes the American literary figures of the 1920s, such as Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald?

a. These white authors deeply resented the rise of the Harlem Renaissance.
b. They rejected American materialism, complacency, and anti-intellectualism.
c. They were strong boosters of America's victory in World War I and in the country's prosperity.
d. These authors promoted a "rags to riches" vision of American individualism.

b. They rejected American materialism, complacency, and anti-intellectualism.

Throughout the 1920s, the sector of the American economy in the worst shape was

a. coal.
b. railroads.
c. agriculture.
d. manufacturing.

c. agriculture.

Which of the following statements characterizes American business during the 1920s?

a. Family-run businesses, rather than oligopolies or monopolies, became the norm.
b. The two hundred largest corporations controlled almost half of the national nonbanking wealth.
c. The number of mergers dwindled to almost nothing as businesses stopped consolidating.
d. American businesses concentrated their marketing efforts exclusively in the United States.

b. The two hundred largest corporations controlled almost half of the national nonbanking wealth.

Which of the following sectors of American society saw the greatest amount of improvement in the 1920s?

a. Industrial output
b. Working conditions
c. Race relations
d. The distribution of income

a. Industrial output

A major weakness of the 1920s economy was the

a. lack of credit.
b. soaring cost of farm products.
c. unequal distribution of wealth.
d. lack of cooperation between business and government.

c. unequal distribution of wealth.

Which of the following industries drove the creation of American consumer culture in the 1920s?

a. Fashion
b. Advertising
c. Film
d. Railroads

b. Advertising

Which of the following statements characterizes consumer spending during the 1920s?

a. Installment buying boosted consumerism.
b. Higher incomes discouraged borrowing.
c. Americans emphasized thrift.
d. Credit cards fueled spending.

a. Installment buying boosted consumerism.

Which of the following statements describes the role of automobiles in the American economy of the 1920s?

a. The auto industry played a major role in stimulating prosperity.
b. The car industry bankrupted the railroads during the 1920s.
c. Cars' affordability meant that most Americans could buy them.
d. Cheap gasoline spurred Americans to migrate to the West.

a. The auto industry played a major role in stimulating prosperity.

The flapper, an icon of American culture, represented

a. the emancipated woman of the 1920s.
b. the lifestyle of most women in the United States.
c. an effort by women to emulate Mary Pickford.
d. a return to traditional, prewar values.

a. the emancipated woman of the 1920s.

What was the outcome of the stock market crash of October 1929?

a. The federal government paid billions of dollars to bank customers who lost their deposits.
b. Only high-rolling Wall Street investors actually lost money during the months that followed the crash.
c. Many middle-class Americans without stock investments lost their life savings when banks failed.
d. Unemployment fell as more and more people entered the workforce to earn extra money.

c. Many middle-class Americans without stock investments lost their life savings when banks failed.

How did American consumers respond to the economic situation in the early 1930s?

a. Many increased their spending in hopes of stimulating the faltering economy.
b. The drop in prices stimulated a major buying spree for middle-class spenders.
c. Facing the possibility of hard times and unemployment, most Americans cut back.
d. Falling production rates meant that few goods were available for Americans to purchase.

c. Facing the possibility of hard times and unemployment, most Americans cut back.

How did the Great Depression affect women's participation in the workforce in the early 1930s?

a. Prohibitions on hiring women led to falling rates of women's employment.
b. Despite bans on women's employment, their workforce participation increased.
c. White women were unemployed at a much greater rate than black women.
d. Traditional women's jobs went to men, driving women out of the workforce.

b. Despite bans on women's employment, their workforce participation increased.

Which of the following statements characterizes consumer spending during the 1920s quizlet?

Which of the following statements characterizes the Red Scare of 1919

How did American consumers respond to the economic situation in the early 1930s quizlet?

Which of the following statements describes the proceeding against Sacco and Vanzetti?